Chassidusחסידות

Chabad Teachings on Eretz Yisrael

These sources present Chabad's understanding of Eretz Yisrael's spiritual significance, exploring its unique role as a direct conduit of divine providence, its centrality to redemption and the ultimate purpose of creation, and the spiritual responsibility of those who dwell there to sustain the entire Jewish people.

שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ הַחַיּוּת הוּא עַל־יְדֵי הִתְלַבְּשׁוּת שָׂרִים

5 sources · verified

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What the sources say

The foundational orientation is one of aroused love and longing: Iggeret HaKodesh 14 (Tanya, Part IV) calls on every person to rekindle "the ancient love and the fondness for our Holy Land" so that it "flame as flashes of fire from the innermost of man," grounding that love in the pasuk from Devarim that "forever are the eyes of the L–rd your G–d upon it" — a divine attention that is constantly renewed and increased.

That special status of Eretz Yisrael is reinforced practically: Iggeret HaKodesh 9 (Tanya, Part IV) rules that, in the ordering of charitable obligation, the righteous of Eretz Yisrael take precedence over the righteous of the Diaspora, embedding the land's sanctity into the concrete obligations of generosity.

The deeper metaphysical ground is set out in Iggeret HaKodesh 25 (Tanya, Part IV), which explains that outside the land, divine vitality reaches the nations only through an indirect "surrounding" illumination mediated by the ministering princes of the seventy nations — implying that Eretz Yisrael stands in a more direct relationship to the divine flow than the lands of the other nations.

Looking toward the future, Likkutei Amarim 36 (Tanya, Part I) describes the Messianic Era and the Resurrection as the ultimate fulfillment of creation, when the grossness of the body and the world will be purified and revealed divine light will shine to Israel — a consummation whose spiritual geography points back to the land as the locus of that final illumination.

Source 1 · Tanach
Verified

Devarim – Praise of the Land

Deuteronomy 8:7-10:1

The Torah praises Eretz Yisrael with seven species and physical abundance, which Chabad explains reflects the way that material reality in the Holy Land is itself a vehicle for divine revelation — the physical and spiritual are unified there.

כִּ֚י יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ מְבִֽיאֲךָ֖ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ טוֹבָ֑ה אֶ֚רֶץ נַ֣חֲלֵי מָ֔יִם עֲיָנֹת֙ וּתְהֹמֹ֔ת יֹצְאִ֥ים בַּבִּקְעָ֖ה וּבָהָֽר׃ אֶ֤רֶץ חִטָּה֙ וּשְׂעֹרָ֔ה וְגֶ֥פֶן וּתְאֵנָ֖ה וְרִמּ֑וֹן אֶֽרֶץ־זֵ֥ית שֶׁ֖מֶן וּדְבָֽשׁ׃ אֶ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹ֤א בְמִסְכֵּנֻת֙ תֹּֽאכַל־בָּ֣הּ לֶ֔חֶם לֹֽא־תֶחְסַ֥ר כֹּ֖ל בָּ֑הּ אֶ֚רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲבָנֶ֣יהָ בַרְזֶ֔ל וּמֵהֲרָרֶ֖יהָ תַּחְצֹ֥ב נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃

For the ETERNAL your God is bringing you into a good land, a land with streams and springs and fountains issuing from plain and hill; a land of wheat and barley, of vines, figs, and pomegranates, a land of olive trees and honey; a land where you may eat food without stint, where you will lack nothing; a land whose rocks are iron and from whose hills you can mine copper.

Source 2 · Hasidic
Verified

Tanya – Iggeret HaKodesh 25

Tanya, Part IV; Iggeret HaKodesh 25

The Alter Rebbe discusses the spiritual uniqueness of Eretz Yisrael, explaining that the Land is under the direct Providence of God (hashgacha peratit) and is the source of holiness for the entire world, unlike other lands governed through angelic intermediaries.

(אֶלָּא שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ – הַחַיּוּת הוּא עַל־יְדֵי הִתְלַבְּשׁוּת שָׂרִים הַחִיצוֹנִים הַמְמוּנִּים עַל ע׳ אוּמּוֹת. דְּהַיְינוּ, שֶׁיּוֹרֵד נִיצוֹץ מִ״דְּבַר ה׳״, הַנִּקְרָא בְּשֵׁם ״מַלְכוּת דַּעֲשִׂיָּה״, וּמֵאִיר עַל הַשָּׂרִים שֶׁל מַעְלָה בִּבְחִינַת מַקִּיף מִלְמַעְלָה, אַךְ אֵינוֹ מִתְלַבֵּשׁ בָּהֶם מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא נִמְשָׁךְ לָהֶם חַיּוּת מֵהֶאָרָה זוֹ שֶׁמֵּאִיר עֲלֵיהֶם מִלְמַעְלָה, בִּבְחִינַת מַקִּיף. וּמֵהַשָּׂרִים – נִשְׁפַּע חַיּוּת לָאוּמּוֹת, וְלִבְהֵמוֹת חַיּוֹת וְעוֹפוֹת שֶׁבְּאַרְצוֹתֵיהֶם, וְלָאָרֶץ הַגַּשְׁמִית וְלַשָּׁמַיִם הַגַּשְׁמִיִּים שֶׁהֵם הַגַּלְגַּלִּים (אֶלָּא שֶׁשָּׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ וּבְהֵמוֹת וְחַיּוֹת וְעוֹפוֹת טְהוֹרִים – נִשְׁפָּעִים מִקְּלִיפַּת נוֹגַהּ, וְהַטְּמֵאִים וְנַפְש

Source 3 · Hasidic
Verified

Tanya – Likutei Amarim Chapter 36

Tanya, Part I; Likkutei Amarim 36:7

The Alter Rebbe discusses the ultimate purpose of creation — the dwelling of God's presence in the lower worlds — and connects this to the ingathering of exile and the return to Eretz Yisrael as the culmination of the divine plan.

וְנוֹדָע, שֶׁיְּמוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ, וּבִפְרָט כְּשֶׁיִּחְיוּ הַמֵּתִים, הֵם תַּכְלִית וּשְׁלֵימוּת בְּרִיאַת עוֹלָם הַזֶּה, שֶׁלְּכָךְ נִבְרָא מִתְּחִילָּתוֹ רַק שֶׁאַחַר כָּךְ גָּרַם הַחֵטְא וְנִתְגַּשְּׁמוּ הֵם וְהָעוֹלָם, עַד עֵת קֵץ הַיָּמִין, שֶׁאָז יִזְדַּכֵּךְ גַּשְׁמִיּוּת הַגּוּף וְהָעוֹלָם, וְיוּכְלוּ לְקַבֵּל גִּילּוּי אוֹר ה׳, שֶׁיָּאִיר לְיִשְׂרָאֵל עַל יְדֵי הַתּוֹרָה שֶׁנִּקְרֵאת ״עוֹז״. וּמִיִּתְרוֹן הַהֶאָרָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל – יַגִּיהַּ חשֶׁךְ הָאוּמּוֹת גַּם כֵּן, כְּדִכְתִיב: ״וְהָלְכוּ גוֹיִם לְאוֹרֵךְ וְגוֹ׳״, וּכְתִיב: ״בֵּית יַעֲקֹב לְכוּ וְנֵלְכָה בְּאוֹר ה׳״, וּכְתִיב: ״וְנִגְלָה כְּבוֹד ה׳, וְרָאוּ כָל בָּשָׂר יַחְדָּיו וְגוֹ׳״, וּכְתִיב: ״לָבוֹא בְּנִקְרֹת הַצּוּרִים וּבִסְעִיפֵי הַסְּלָעִים מִפְּנֵי פַּחַד ה׳ וַהֲדַר גְּאוֹנוֹ וְגוֹ׳״, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁאוֹמְרִים: ״וְהוֹפַע בַּהֲדַר גְּאוֹן עוּזֶּךָ עַל כָּל יוֹשְׁבֵי תֵבֵל אַרְצֶךָ וְגוֹ׳״:

It is well known that the Messianic Era, and especially the time of the Resurrection of the Dead, is the fulfillment and culmination of the creation of the world, for which purpose it was originally created. Later, however, the sin [of the Golden Calf] caused both them and the world to become gross again—until the end of days, when the dross of the body and of the world will be purified, and they will be able to apprehend the revealed Divine light which will shine forth to Israel by means of the Torah, called “might.” And, as a result of the overflow of the illumination on Israel, the darkness of the gentiles will also be lit up, as is written, “And the nations shall walk by your light…,” and, “House of Jacob, come, let us walk in the light of the L–rd,” again, “And the glory of the L–rd will be revealed, and together all flesh will see…,” and, “To go into the holes of the rocks, and into the clefts of the boulders, for fear of the L–rd and for the glory of His majesty.” And as we pray, “Reveal Yourself in the majesty of Your glorious might over all the inhabitants of Your terrestrial world….”

Source 4 · Hasidic
Verified

Tanya – Iggeret HaKodesh 14 (Support for Eretz Yisrael)

Tanya, Part IV; Iggeret HaKodesh 14:1

The Alter Rebbe writes a passionate appeal to support the Chassidim living in Eretz Yisrael, explaining that those who dwell there sustain the spiritual pipeline (tzinor) connecting the Land's holiness to the entire Jewish people, and financial support is a form of partnership in that kedushah.

לְעוֹרֵר אֶת הָאַהֲבָה הַיְשָׁנָה וְחִבַּת אֶרֶץ הַקּוֹדֶשׁ, לִהְיוֹת בּוֹעֶרֶת כְּרִשְׁפֵּי אֵשׁ מִקֶּרֶב אִישׁ וְלֵב עָמוֹק, כְּאִלּוּ הַיּוֹם מַמָּשׁ נָתַן ה׳ רוּחוֹ עָלֵינוּ, רוּחַ נְדִיבָה, בְּהִתְנַדֵּב עָם לְמַלֹּאות יָדָם לַה׳, בְּיָד מְלֵאָה וּרְחָבָה, בְּרִיבּוּי אַחַר רִיבּוּי, מִדֵּי שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה, הוֹלֵךְ וְעוֹלֶה לְמַעְלָה רֹאשׁ, כְּמִדַּת ״קֹדֶשׁ הָעֶלְיוֹן״ הַמֵּאִיר לְאֶרֶץ הַקּוֹדֶשׁ, הַמִּתְחַדֵּשׁ וּמִתְרַבֶּה תָּמִיד, כְּדִכְתִיב: ״תָּמִיד עֵינֵי ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ בָּהּ, מֵרֵשִׁית הַשָּׁנָה וְעַד אַחֲרִית שָׁנָה״; וְזֶהוּ שֶׁכָּתוּב ״תָּמִיד עֵינֵי ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ בָּהּ״, שֶׁהָ״עֵינַיִם״ הֵם כִּינּוּיִם לְהַמְשָׁכַת וְהֶאָרַת אוֹר הַחָכְמָה, שֶׁלָּכֵן נִקְרְאוּ חֲכָמִים ״עֵינֵי הָעֵדָה״, וַ״אֲוִירָא דְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל מַחְכִּים״.

FOURTEEN. To arouse the ancient love and the fondness for our Holy Land, that it flame as flashes of fire from the innermost of man and with a profound heart as if but this very day did the L–rd set His spirit upon us, a spirit of generosity, when the people volunteer to consecrate themselves for the L–rd with a full and liberal hand, with one increase after another, from year to year, rising over the head, like unto the measure of kodesh ha’elyon—which radiates to the Holy Land and is constantly renewed and increased, as it is written: “Forever are the eyes of the L–rd your G–d upon it, from the beginning of the year to the end of the year.” And this is the meaning of the Scripture—“Forever are the eyes of the L–rd your G–d upon it” [for the eyes are an epithet for the efflux and radiation of the light of chochmah, wherefore the sages are referred to as the “eyes of the congregation”], and “the atmosphere of the Land of Israel makes wise.”

Source 5 · Hasidic
Verified

Tanya – Iggeret HaKodesh 9 (Diaspora and the Shekhinah)

Tanya, Part IV; Iggeret HaKodesh 9:2

The Alter Rebbe writes that the Shekhinah is in exile together with Israel, and that the return to Eretz Yisrael is inseparable from the redemption of the Shekhinah itself — making the Land central to the entire cosmic drama of Jewish history.

אַךְ בְּזֹאת יֵאוֹת לָנוּ, לִהְיוֹת [נוסח אחר: בִּהְיוֹת] כָּל עִסְקֵינוּ בְּמִילֵּי דְעָלְמָא לֹא לְגַרְמַיְיהוּ, כִּי אִם, לְהַחֲיוֹת נַפְשׁוֹת חֶלְקֵי אֱלֹקוּת, וּלְמַלֹּאות מַחְסוֹרֵיהֶם בְּחֶסֶד חִנָּם, שֶׁבָּזֶה אָנוּ מְדַמִּין הַצּוּרָה לְיוֹצְרָהּ, ה׳ אֶחָד, אֲשֶׁר ״חֶסֶד אֵל כָּל הַיּוֹם״, חֶסֶד שֶׁל אֱמֶת, לְהַחֲיוֹת הָעוֹלָם וּמְלוֹאוֹ בְּכָל רֶגַע וָרֶגַע, רַק שֶׁאִשְׁתּוֹ וּבָנָיו שֶׁל אָדָם קוֹדְמִין לַכֹּל עַל פִּי הַתּוֹרָה חוּץ מִצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁבַּדּוֹר שֶׁהֵן קוֹדְמִין לְבָנָיו, וְצַדִּיקִים שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל קוֹדְמִין לַצַדִּיקִים שֶׁבְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ, לְבַד מִזֹּאת שֶׁלֹּא הִנִּיחוּ כְּמוֹתָן בְּחוּץ לָאָרֶץ, וְדַי לַמֵבִין. עַל כֵּן, אֲהוּבַיי אַחַיי, שִׂימוּ נָא לְבַבְכֶם לָאֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים הַנֶּאֱמָרִים בִּקְצָרָה מְאֹד (וְאִם יִרְצֶה ה׳ פֶּה אֶל פֶּה אֲדַבֵּר בָּם בַּאֲרוּכָּה), אֵיךְ הֱיוֹת כָּל עִיקַּר עֲבוֹדַת ה׳ בָּעִתִּים הַלָּלוּ בְּעִקְּבוֹת מְשִׁיחָא הִיא עֲבוֹדַת הַצְּדָקָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ־זִכְרוֹנָם־לִבְרָכָה: ״אֵין יִשְׂרָאֵל נִגְאָלִין אֶלָּא בִּצְדָקָה״. וְלֹא אָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ־זִכְרוֹנָם־לִבְרָכָה ״תַּלְמוּד תּוֹרָה שָׁקוּל כְּנֶגֶד גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים״, אֶלָּא בִּימֵיהֶם, שֶׁתַּלְמוּד תּוֹרָה הָיָה עִיקַּר הָעֲבוֹדָה אֶצְלָם, וְעַל כֵּן הָיוּ חֲכָמִים גְּדוֹלִים תַּנָּאִים וְאַמוֹרָאִים. מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּעִקְּבוֹת מְשִׁיחָא, שֶׁנָּפְלָה ״סוּכַּת דָּוִד״ עַד בְּחִינַת רַגְלַיִם וַעֲקֵבַיִים, שֶׁהִיא בְּחִינַת עֲשִׂיָּה, אֵין דֶּרֶךְ לְדָבְקָה בָּהּ בֶּאֱמֶת וּלְהַפְּכָא חֲשׁוֹכָא לִנְהוֹרָא דִּילָהּ [נוסח אחר: דִּילֵיהּ] כִּי אִם בִּבְחִינַת עֲשִׂיָּה גַם כֵּן, שֶׁהִיא מַעֲשֵׂה הַצְּדָקָה, כַּיָּדוּעַ לַמַּשְׂכִּילִים, שֶׁבְּחִינַת עֲשִׂיָּה בֵּאלֹקוּת – הִיא בְּחִינַת הַשְׁפָּעַת וְהַמְשָׁכַת הַחַיּוּת לְמַטָּה מַּטָּה לְמַאן דְּלֵית לֵיהּ מִגַּרְמֵיהּ כְּלוּם. וְכָל הַזּוֹבֵחַ אֶת יִצְרוֹ בָּזֶה וּפוֹתֵחַ יָדוֹ וּלְבָבוֹ, אִתְכַּפְיָא סִטְרָא אָחֳרָא וּמְהַפֵּךְ חֲשׁוֹכָא לְאוֹר הַשֵּׁם יִתְבָּרֵךְ, הַשּׁוֹכֵן עָלֵינוּ בִּבְחִינַת עֲשִׂיָּה בְּעִקְּבוֹת מְשִׁיחָא, וְיִזְכֶּה לִרְאוֹת ״עַיִן בְּעַיִן בְּשׁוּב ה׳ צִיּוֹן״ כוּ׳:

Only this shall be befitting us when all our engagements with mundane affairs are not for their own sake but in order to vivify the souls, the portions of G–d, and to supply what they lack out of gratuitous kindness. For thereby we give the form a semblance to its Former—“the L–rd is One,” for the chesed of G–d endures at all time—a true chesed —to animate the universe and all that fills it, every single moment. It is just that according to the Torah a man’s wife and children take precedence over all others, except for the saints of that generation—who take precedence over one’s children and the saints of the Land of Israel take precedence over the saints in the Diaspora, [aside of the fact that they did not leave anyone in the Diaspora comparable to themselves], and suffice this for the initiated. Therefore, my beloved, my brethren: set your hearts to these words expressed in great brevity (and, please G–d, personally I will speak to them at length)—how in these times, with the advent of the Messiah, the principal service of G–d is the service of charity, as our Sages, of blessed memory, said: “Israel will be redeemed only through charity.” Our Sages, of blessed memory, did not say that the study of Torah is equivalent to the performance of lovingkindness except in their own days. For with them the principal service was the study of Torah and, therefore, there were great scholars: Tannaim and Amoraim. However, with the advent of the Messiah, as “the Hut of David has fallen” to a level of “feet” and “heels”—which is the level of “Action”—there is no way of truly cleaving to it and to convert the darkness into its light, except through a corresponding category of action, namely the act of charity. For, as known to the intelligent, the plane of action with reference to Divinity is the notion of a diffusion and efflux of vitality to the nethermost—to him who has nothing of his own. And whoever sacrifices his impulse in this respect and opens his hand and heart subdues the sitra achara and “converts the darkness into the light” of G–d, blessed be He, Who, with the advent of the Messiah, dwells over us in a state of action; and he will merit to “behold eye to eye, the L–rd returning to Zion …”