Machshavaמחשבה

Who Is Moshiach? Jewish Perspectives

These sources explore the identity, role, and nature of Moshiach across Jewish tradition—from biblical prophecy through Talmudic debate to medieval and early modern philosophy. They address whether Moshiach is a supernatural figure or human leader, what qualifies him, and what the Messianic era entails.

הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ עָתִיד לַעֲמֹד מִזֶּרַע דָּוִד

7 sources · verified

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Source 1 · Tanach
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Isaiah – The Branch of Jesse

Isaiah 11:1-10

Isaiah describes a future king from the line of Jesse upon whom the spirit of God will rest, who will judge the poor with righteousness, bring peace to creation, and gather the dispersed of Israel. This passage is the locus classicus for the biblical portrait of the Messiah.

וְיָצָ֥א חֹ֖טֶר מִגֵּ֣זַע יִשָׁ֑י וְנֵ֖צֶר מִשׇּׁרָשָׁ֥יו יִפְרֶֽה׃ וְנָחָ֥ה עָלָ֖יו ר֣וּחַ יְהֹוָ֑ה ר֧וּחַ חׇכְמָ֣ה וּבִינָ֗ה ר֤וּחַ עֵצָה֙ וּגְבוּרָ֔ה ר֥וּחַ דַּ֖עַת וְיִרְאַ֥ת יְהֹוָֽה׃ וַהֲרִיח֖וֹ בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהֹוָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־לְמַרְאֵ֤ה עֵינָיו֙ יִשְׁפּ֔וֹט וְלֹא־לְמִשְׁמַ֥ע אׇזְנָ֖יו יוֹכִֽיחַ׃ וְשָׁפַ֤ט בְּצֶ֙דֶק֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְהוֹכִ֥יחַ בְּמִישׁ֖וֹר לְעַנְוֵי־אָ֑רֶץ וְהִֽכָּה־אֶ֙רֶץ֙ בְּשֵׁ֣בֶט פִּ֔יו וּבְר֥וּחַ שְׂפָתָ֖יו יָמִ֥ית רָשָֽׁע׃

But a shoot shall grow out of the stump of Jesse, A twig shall sprout from his stock. The spirit of GOD shall alight upon him: A spirit of wisdom and insight, A spirit of counsel and valor, A spirit of devotion and reverence for GOD. He shall sense the truth by his reverence for GOD: He shall not judge by what his eyes behold, Nor decide by what his ears perceive. Thus he shall judge the poor with equity And decide with justice for the lowly of the land. He shall strike down a land with the rod of his mouth And slay the wicked with the breath of his lips.

Why it matters — Provides the foundational Tanach description of the Messianic king's identity, lineage, and mission.

Source 2 · Chazal
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Talmud Berakhot – The Nature of the Messianic Era

Berakhot 34b

Shmuel states 'There is no difference between this world and the days of the Moshiach except subjugation to foreign kingdoms,' indicating the Messiah's role is primarily national-political liberation, not a supernatural transformation of reality.

וְהָתַנְיָא הַכּוֹרֵעַ בַּהוֹדָאָה — הֲרֵי זֶה מְגוּנֶּה! הַהִיא בְּהוֹדָאָה שֶׁבְּ״הַלֵּל״. וְהָתַנְיָא: הַכּוֹרֵעַ בַּהוֹדָאָה וּבַהוֹדָאָה שֶׁל ״הַלֵּל״ — הֲרֵי זֶה מְגוּנֶּה. כִּי תַּנְיָא הַהִיא בְּהוֹדָאָה דְּבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן.

And Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said that Rabbi Yoḥanan said: All the prophets only prophesied with regard to the change in world order in the end of days with regard to the days of the Messiah. However, with regard to the World-to-Come, which exists on a higher level, it is stated: “No eye has seen it, God, aside from You.” And the Gemara notes that this statement disagrees with the opinion of Shmuel, as Shmuel said: The only difference between this world and the days of the Messiah is with regard to servitude to foreign kingdoms alone. While in the days of the Messiah, Israel will be independent and free from enslavement to foreign powers, the world order will remain otherwise unchanged, as it is stated: “For the poor shall not cease from the land” (Deuteronomy 15:11), which indicates that the ways of the world are set and unchanging.

Why it matters — Defines the Moshiach's role and the nature of the era he ushers in, establishing a key halakhic-aggadic baseline.

Source 3 · Chazal
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Talmud Sanhedrin – Perek Chelek

Sanhedrin 97a

The Talmud's extended discussion of the Messianic era covers who Moshiach is, conditions for his coming, his identity (including debates about whether he is from the living or the dead), and the nature of the redemption. Includes the famous statement that Moshiach must be a king from the house of David.

תָּנָא דְּבֵי אֵלִיָּהוּ: שֵׁשֶׁת אֲלָפִים שָׁנָה הָוֵי עָלְמָא, שְׁנֵי אֲלָפִים תּוֹהוּ, שְׁנֵי אֲלָפִים תּוֹרָה, שְׁנֵי אֲלָפִים יְמוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ.

The school of Eliyahu taught: Six thousand years is the duration of the world. Two thousand of the six thousand years are characterized by chaos; two thousand years are characterized by Torah, from the era of the Patriarchs until the end of the mishnaic period; and two thousand years are the period of the coming of the Messiah.

Why it matters — The central Talmudic sugya on the identity, nature, and arrival of Moshiach.

Source 4 · Rishonim
Verified

Rambam – Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings, Chapter 11

Mishneh Torah, Kings and Wars 11:1-4

Rambam defines Moshiach as a king from the house of David who masters Torah, compels Israel to walk in its ways, fights God's battles, rebuilds the Temple, and gathers the dispersed. He emphasizes Moshiach is a human figure, not supernatural, and lays out criteria to identify him.

הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ עָתִיד לַעֲמֹד וּלְהַחְזִיר מַלכוּת דָּוִד לְיָשְׁנָהּ לַמֶּמְשָׁלָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה. וּבוֹנֶה הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וּמְקַבֵּץ נִדְחֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. וְחוֹזְרִין כָּל הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים בְּיָמָיו כְּשֶׁהָיוּ מִקֹּדֶם. מַקְרִיבִין קָרְבָּנוֹת. וְעוֹשִׂין שְׁמִטִּין וְיוֹבְלוֹת כְּכָל מִצְוָתָן הָאֲמוּרָה בַּתּוֹרָה. וְכָל מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַאֲמִין בּוֹ. אוֹ מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחַכֶּה לְבִיאָתוֹ. לֹא בִּשְׁאָר נְבִיאִים בִּלְבַד הוּא כּוֹפֵר. אֶלָּא בַּתּוֹרָה וּבְמשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ. שֶׁהֲרֵי הַתּוֹרָה הֵעִידָה עָלָיו שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ל, ג) "וְשָׁב ה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֶת שְׁבוּתְךָ וְרִחֲמֶךָ וְשָׁב וְקִבֶּצְךָ" וְגוֹ' (דברים ל, ד) "אִם יִהְיֶה נִדַּחֲךָ בִּקְצֵה הַשָּׁמָיִם" וְגוֹ' (דברים ל, ה) "וֶהֱבִיאֲךָ ה'". וְאֵלּוּ הַדְּבָרִים הַמְפֹרָשִׁים בַּתּוֹרָה הֵם כּוֹלְלִים כָּל הַדְּבָרִים שֶׁנֶּאֶמְרוּ עַל יְדֵי כָּל הַנְּבִיאִים. אַף בְּפָרָשַׁת בִּלְעָם נֶאֱמַר וְשָׁם נִבֵּא בִּשְׁנֵי הַמְּשִׁיחִים. בַּמָּשִׁיחַ הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁהוּא דָּוִד שֶׁהוֹשִׁיעַ אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִיַּד צָרֵיהֶם. וּבַמָּשִׁיחַ הָאַחֲרוֹן שֶׁעוֹמֵד מִבָּנָיו שֶׁמּוֹשִׁיעַ אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל [בָּאַחֲרוֹנָה]. וְשָׁם הוּא אוֹמֵר (במדבר כד, יז) "אֶרְאֶנּוּ וְלֹא עַתָּה" זֶה דָּוִד. (במדבר כד, יז) "אֲשׁוּרֶנּוּ וְלֹא קָרוֹב" זֶה מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ. (במדבר כד, יז) "דָּרַךְ כּוֹכָב מִיַּעֲקֹב" זֶה דָּוִד. (במדבר כד, יז) "וְקָם שֵׁבֶט מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל" זֶה מֶלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ. (במדבר כד, יז) "וּמָחַץ פַּאֲתֵי מוֹאָב" זֶה דָּוִד. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (שמואל ב ח, ב) "וַיַּךְ אֶת מוֹאָב וַיְמַדְּדֵם בַּחֶבֶל" (במדבר כד, יז) "וְקַרְקַר כָּל בְּנֵי שֵׁת" זֶה הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ (זכריה ט, י) "וּמָשְׁלוֹ מִיָּם עַד יָם". (במדבר כד, יח) "וְהָיָה אֱדוֹם יְרֵשָׁה" זֶה דָּוִד. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמואל ב ח, יד) "וַתְּהִי אֱדוֹם לְדָוִד לַעֲבָדִים" וְגוֹ'. (במדבר כד, יח) "וְהָיָה יְרֵשָׁה" וְגוֹ' זֶה הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (עובדיה א, כא) "וְעָלוּ מוֹשִׁעִים בְּהַר צִיּוֹן" וְגוֹ': וְאַל יַעֲלֶה עַל דַּעְתְּךָ שֶׁהַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת אוֹתוֹת וּמוֹפְתִים וּמְחַדֵּשׁ דְּבָרִים בָּעוֹלָם אוֹ מְחַיֶּה מֵתִים וְכַיּוֹצֵא בִּדְבָרִים אֵלּוּ [ב.] אֵין הַדָּבָר כָּךְ. שֶׁהֲרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא חָכָם גָּדוֹל מֵחַכְמֵי מִשְׁנָה הָיָה. וְהוּא הָיָה נוֹשֵׂא כֵּלָיו שֶׁל בֶּן כּוֹזִיבָא הַמֶּלֶךְ. וְהוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר עָלָיו שֶׁהוּא הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ. וְדִמָּה הוּא וְכָל חַכְמֵי דּוֹרוֹ שֶׁהוּא הַמֶּלֶךְ הַמָּשִׁיחַ. עַד שֶׁנֶּהֱרַג בַּעֲוֹנוֹת. כֵּיוָן שֶׁנֶּהֱרַג נוֹדַע לָהֶם שֶׁאֵינוֹ. וְלֹא שָׁאֲלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ חֲכָמִים לֹא אוֹת וְלֹא מוֹפֵת. וְעִקַּר הַדְּבָרִים כָּכָה הֵן. שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת חֻקֶּיהָ וּמִשְׁפָּטֶיהָ לְעוֹלָם וּלְעוֹלְמֵי עוֹלָמִים. וְאֵין מוֹסִיפִין עֲלֵיהֶן וְלֹא גּוֹרְעִין מֵהֶן: וְאִם יַעֲמֹד מֶלֶךְ מִבֵּית דָּוִד הוֹגֶה בַּתּוֹרָה וְעוֹסֵק בְּמִצְוֹת כְּדָוִד אָבִיו. כְּפִי תּוֹרָה שֶׁבִּכְתָב וְשֶׁבְּעַל פֶּה. וְיָכֹף כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵילֵךְ בָּהּ וּלְחַזֵּק בִּדְקָהּ. וְיִלָּחֵם מִלְחֲמוֹת ה'. הֲרֵי זֶה בְּחֶזְקַת שֶׁהוּא מָשִׁיחַ. (אִם עָשָׂה וְהִצְלִיחַ וּבָנָה מִקְדָּשׁ בִּמְקוֹמוֹ וְקִבֵּץ נִדְחֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הֲרֵי זֶה מָשִׁיחַ בְּוַדַּאי. וִיתַקֵּן אֶת הָעוֹלָם כֻּלּוֹ לַעֲבֹד אֶת ה' בְּיַחַד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר כִּי אָז אֶהְפֹּךְ אֶל עַמִּים שָׂפָה בְרוּרָה לִקְרֹא כֻלָּם בְּשֵׁם ה' וּלְעָבְדוֹ שְׁכֶם אֶחָד):

In the future, the Messianic king will arise and renew the Davidic dynasty, restoring it to its initial sovereignty. He will build the Temple and gather the dispersed of Israel. Then, in his days, the observance of all the statutes will return to their previous state. We will offer sacrifices, observe the Sabbatical and Jubilee years according to all their particulars as described by the Torah. Anyone who does not believe in him or does not await his coming, denies not only the statements of the other prophets, but those of the Torah and Moses, our teacher. The Torah testified to his coming, as Deuteronomy 30:3-5 states: God will bring back your captivity and have mercy upon you. He will again gather you from among the nations... Even if your Diaspora is at the ends of the heavens, God will gather you up from there... and bring you to the land.... These explicit words of the Torah include all the statements made by all the prophets. Reference to Mashiach is also made in the portion of Bilaam who prophesies about two anointed kings: the first anointed king, David, who saved Israel from her oppressors; and the final anointed king who will arise from his descendants and save Israel in the end of days. That passage Numbers 24:17-18 relates: 'I see it, but not now' - This refers to David; 'I perceive it, but not in the near future;" - This refers to the Messianic king; 'A star shall go forth from Jacob' - This refers to David; 'and a staff shall arise in Israel' - This refers to the Messianic king; 'crushing all of Moab's princes' - This refers to David as II Samuel 8:2 relates: 'He smote Moab and measured them with a line;' 'decimating all of Seth's descendants' - This refers to the Messianic king about whom Zechariah 9:10 prophesies: 'He will rule from sea to sea.' 'Edom will be demolished' - This refers to David as II Samuel 8:6 states 'Edom became the servants of David;' 'Seir will be destroyed' - this refers to the Messianic king as Ovadiah 1:21 prophesies: 'Saviors will ascend Mount Zion to judge the mountain of Esau....' One should not presume that the Messianic king must work miracles and wonders, bring about new phenomena in the world, resurrect the dead, or perform other similar deeds. This is definitely not true. Proof can be brought from the fact that Rabbi Akiva, one of the greater Sages of the Mishnah, was one of the supporters of King Bar Kozibah and would describe him as the Messianic king. He and all the Sages of his generation considered him to be the Messianic king until he was killed because of sins. Once he was killed, they realized that he was not the Mashiach. The Sages did not ask him for any signs or wonders. The main thrust of the matter is: This Torah, its statutes and its laws, are everlasting. We may not add to them or detract from them. If a king will arise from the House of David who diligently contemplates the Torah and observes its mitzvot as prescribed by the Written Law and the Oral Law as David, his ancestor, will compel all of Israel to walk in (the way of the Torah) and rectify the breaches in its observance, and fight the wars of God, we may, with assurance, consider him Mashiach. If he succeeds in the above, builds the Temple in its place, and gathers the dispersed of Israel, he is definitely the Mashiach. He will then improve the entire world, motivating all the nations to serve God together, as Tzephaniah 3:9 states: 'I will transform the peoples to a purer language that they all will call upon the name of God and serve Him with one purpose.'

Why it matters — The most systematic halakhic definition of who Moshiach is and the criteria for identifying him, foundational for all later discussion.

Source 5 · Rishonim
Verified

Rambam – Mishneh Torah, Laws of Repentance, Chapter 9

Mishneh Torah, Repentance 9:2

Rambam explains that the Messianic era is the ultimate context for human perfection — the reason to desire it is not for material reward but to have leisure to engage in Torah and wisdom, attaining the World to Come.

מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאוֹתוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ שֶׁיַּעֲמֹד מִזֶּרַע דָּוִד בַּעַל חָכְמָה יִהְיֶה יֶתֶר מִשְּׁלֹמֹה. וְנָבִיא גָּדוֹל הוּא קָרוֹב לְמשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ. וּלְפִיכָךְ יְלַמֵּד כָּל הָעָם וְיוֹרֶה אוֹתָם דֶּרֶךְ ה'.

nor a man his colleague... [for all will know Me]." And [Ezekiel 36:26] states: "I will take away the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh." [These changes will come about] because the king who will arise from David's descendants will be a greater master of knowledge than Solomon and a great prophet, close to the level of Moses, our teacher. Therefore, he will teach the entire nation and instruct them in the path of God.

Why it matters — Contextualizes Moshiach within Rambam's broader theology of human purpose and divine reward.

Source 6 · Rishonim
Verified

Sefer HaIkkarim – Fourth Maamar on Redemption and Moshiach

Sefer HaIkkarim, Maamar 1 4

R. Yosef Albo discusses the Messianic belief, examining whether it is a fundamental principle of Judaism, what distinguishes Moshiach from other historical leaders, and what conditions define authentic Messianic identity.

ומאלה הג׳ עקרים הכוללים משתרגים סעיפים וענפים לתורות האלהיות או המתדמות באלהיות על זה הדרך, כי תחת עקר מציאות השם הוא הרחקת הגשמות, שהוא עקר פרטי לתורת משה, והאחדות. ותחת תורה מן השמים הוא שרש נבואת משה ושליחותו. ותחת ההשגחה והשכר והעונש הוא ביאת המשיח, שהוא עקר פרטי לתורת משה לפי דעת הרמב״ם ז״ל, ולפי דעתנו אין ביאת המשיח עקר, ואם הוא עקר איננו פרטי לתורת משה, כי גם הנוצרים עושים ממנו עקר לסתור תורת משה, והוא עקר פרטי להם שלא יצוייר מציאות דתם זולתו, ואלו וכיוצא בהם שהם עקרים לדתות הפרטיות כלם נכללים בג׳ העקרים שאמרנו. ואולם אם אפשר להמצא תורה אלהית יותר מאחת בזמן אחד או בזמנים מתחלפים עוד יתבאר במה שיבא בעזר הצור. ואפשר כי דעת הרמב״ם במספר העקרים הוא על זה הדרך שכתבנו, אלא שהוא מנה הג׳ שאמרנו שהם אבות עם השרשים המסתעפים מהם וקרא אותם כולם עקרים, ולזה מנה מציאות השם שהוא האב עקר ראשון, ומנה עמו ד׳ שרשים אחרים מסתעפים ממנו בעקרים, והם האחדות והרחקת הגשמות והיותו יתברך קדמון ושראוי לעבדו ולא לזולתו, ומנה תורה מן השמים שהוא האב עם שלשה שרשים אחרים בעקרים לפי שהם משתרגין ממנו, והם הנבואה ונבואת משה ושלא תשתנה הדת, ומנה גם כן ידיעת השם וההשגחה לשכר והעונש והוא האב עם ג׳ עקרים אחרים נכללים בו או מסתעפים ממנו, והם גמול הנפש, ומשיח, ותחית המתים.

From these three general principles issue special dogmas peculiar to the various divine laws, genuine or spurious, as follows: From the existence of God is derived His incorporeality, which is a special principle of the law of Moses, and likewise His unity. Under revelation comes the prophecy and mission of Moses. Under providence and reward and punishment comes the belief in the advent of the Messiah, which is a special principle of the law of Moses according to the opinion of Maimonides. But according to our opinion the belief in the Messiah is not a principle. And if it is, it is not special to the law of Moses, for the Christians too regard it as a principle, and that too in order to abrogate the law of Moses. It is indeed a special principle for them, for their law can not be conceived without it. All these and similar dogmas which are special to certain religions are included in the three principles which we have mentioned. The question whether there can be more than one divine law at the same time or at different times, will be discussed later with the help of God. It may be that Maimonides has the same idea concerning the number of fundamental principles as the one we have just indicated, and that his list consists of the three chief principles that we have mentioned, plus the derivative dogmas issuing from them, being all called by him principles. Thus he lays down the existence of God, a fundamental doctrine, as the first principle. Then he enumerates along with it as principles four other dogmas which are derived from it, viz., unity, incorporeality, eternity, and exclusive worship. Then he lists as principles revelation, another fundamental doctrine, together with three other dogmas derived from it, viz., prophecy, superiority of Moses, and immutability of the law. Then comes divine omniscience and providence in reward and punishment, the third fundamental doctrine, together with three other dogmas implied in it and derived therefrom, viz., spiritual retribution, Messiah, and resurrection.

Why it matters — A Rishon's philosophical analysis of Moshiach as a dogmatic principle of Jewish faith, offering a different angle than Rambam.

Source 7 · Acharonim
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Maharal – Netzach Yisrael

Netzach Yisrael, Introduction

The Maharal analyzes the eternity of Israel and the necessity of redemption, arguing that Moshiach is not merely a political redeemer but the embodiment of Israel's essential divine form, who restores the nation to its true metaphysical being.

ולפיכך סבירי להו לחכמים שיש זכר ליציאת מצרים אף לימות המשיח, כי איך לא יהיה זכר לסבה עם המסובב, כי מן המדריגה שקנו ישראל כשיצאו ממצרים [י]קנו עוד מדריגה יותר עליונה, ואם לא שהוציאנו ממצרים, ולקח ישראל לו לעם, לא זכו לאותה מעלה עליונה שיקנו לעתיד, כי יציאת מצרים הוא סבה בעצם אל הגאולה העתידה. ולפיכך כשהשיב בן זומא אל דברי חכמים וכי מזכירין יציאת מצרים לעתיד, והלא כתיב "הנה ימים באים וגו'", שמזה יש להוכיח שלא יהיה נזכר יציאת מצרים לעתיד. ועל זה השיבו חכמים לא שתהא יציאת מצרים עיקר, אלא שיהיה שעבוד מלכיות עיקר, ויציאת מצרים טפל לה. וכל זה מפני שאי אפשר שיהיה המסובב בלא הסבה, ולכך ראוי שיהיה עם שעבוד מלכיות זכר אל דבר שהוא סבה אליו, והוא יציאת מצרים. ולפיכך מביא לראיה שם "יעקב" ו"ישראל", שלא נעקר שם "יעקב", כי שם "יעקב" גם כן הוא סבה לשם "ישראל", כי שם "יעקב" נקרא מלשון שהיה יעקב מקטין עצמו כמו עקב, ואין דבר יותר שפל מן העקב, ודבר זה הסבה שיהיה השם יתברך מגביה אותו עד שיקרא "ישראל", על שם "שרית עם אלקים ועם אנשים" (בראשית לב, כח), שכל המשפיל עצמו הקב"ה מגביה אותו (עירובין יג ע"ב). ומפני כך ישראל גם כן נקראו בשתי שמות אלו, כי בשביל שהם מקטינים עצמם הקב"ה מגביה אותם. ומפני כך, אלו שתי הגאולות הם מתחברים ביחד כאילו הם גאולה אחת: ומפני שבארנו בחבור גבורות השם ענין גאולת מצרים, יש לחבר עם זה גאולה אחרונה. וחבור הזה יקרא בשמו נצח ישראל, והטעם מבואר למעלה בתחלה חבור גבורות ה' (סוף הקדמה שלישית), כי בחבור הזה יתבאר כי השם יתברך נתן לישראל הנצחיות, ואינם כלים חס ושלום בגלותם הקשה הכבד. גם כן יתבאר כי יש אל השם יתברך הנצח, שיהיה מנצח מלכות הרביעית שיש לה הממשלה, וכדכתיב (עובדיה א, כא) "ועלו מושיעים בהר ציון לשפוט את הר עשו והיתה לה' המלוכה אחד". אמן כן יהי רצון במהרה בימינו:

Therefore, the Sages maintain that there is a remembrance of the Exodus from Egypt even in the days of the Messiah, for how could there not be a memory of the cause together with its effect? For from the spiritual level that Israel acquired when they left Egypt, they will acquire a still more supreme level, and if He had not taken us out of Egypt and taken Israel to Himself as a people, they would not have merited that supreme level that they will acquire in the future, for the Exodus from Egypt is the essential cause of the future redemption. This is why when Ben Zoma responded to the words of the Sages, asking, "Will the Exodus from Egypt be mentioned in the future? Does it not state, 'Behold, days are coming, etc.'?"—from which it could be proven that the Exodus from Egypt will not be recalled in the future—the Sages answered him that it is not that the Exodus will be primary, but rather that the subjugation of the kingdoms will be primary and the Exodus from Egypt secondary to it. All of this is because it is impossible for the effect to exist without the cause, and therefore it is fitting that along with the memory of the subjugation of the kingdoms, there should be a memory of the thing that is its cause, namely the Exodus from Egypt. This is also why the Talmud brings proof from the names "Jacob" and "Israel," for the name "Jacob" was not uprooted because the name "Jacob" is also the cause of the name "Israel." For the name "Jacob" is so called from the expression that Jacob made himself small like a heel (ekev), and there is nothing lowlier than the heel, and this very thing was the cause for the Lord, may He be blessed, elevating him until he was called "Israel," alluding to "you have striven with God and with men" (Genesis 32:28), for "whoever abases himself, the Holy One, blessed be He, elevates him" (Eruvin 13b). For this reason, Israel is also called by these two names, because it is for the reason that they make themselves small that the Holy One, blessed be He, elevates them. And due to this, these two redemptions are joined together as if they were a single redemption. And because we have explained in the work Gevurot Hashem the matter of the redemption from Egypt, it is fitting to join with it the final redemption. And this work shall be called by its name, Netzach Yisrael (The Eternity of Israel), the reason for which was explained above at the beginning of the work Gevurot Hashem. For in this work, it will be explained that the Lord, may He be blessed, has given to Israel eternity, and they will not, Heaven forfend, perish in their difficult and heavy exile. It will also be explained that the Lord, may He be blessed, possesses Victory, in that He will vanquish the fourth kingdom which holds dominion, as it is written (Obadiah 1:21), “And saviors shall ascend Mount Zion to judge the mount of Esau, and the kingdom shall be the Lord’s.” Amen, so may it be His will, speedily in our days.

Why it matters — Offers a profound philosophical-kabbalistic understanding of who Moshiach is in terms of Israel's ontological identity.