Mitzvotמצוות

The Mitzvah of Mezuzah on Doorposts

Sources explore the Torah's command to write words of the Shema on the doorposts and gates of homes. Rabbinic and medieval commentators explain mezuzah as a perpetual memorial of God's redemptive acts and a constant prompt to divine consciousness at the threshold of daily life.

חֲבִיבִין יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁסִּיבְּבָן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּמִצְוֹת

13 sources · all verified

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What the sources say

The Torah itself, in both passages of the Shema, commands that these words be inscribed on the doorposts and gates of one's home as part of the broader charge to love God with all one's heart, soul, and might and to impress His words upon one's very heart — making the mezuzah an extension of total inner commitment into the physical space of daily life (Devarim 6:4–9 and Devarim 11:13–21).

The Ramban explains, drawing on the principle behind tefillin as well, that because God does not perform open signs and wonders in every generation for every sinner or denier, He commands us to maintain a constant memorial and sign of what our eyes witnessed, transmitting it to our children and their children — and writing it on the entrances of our homes in the mezuzah so that it remain always on our lips (the Ramban (Shemot 13:16)).

The Gemara and the Tur both teach that the mezuzah carries God's unity within it, so that every time a person enters or leaves he encounters that unity and is moved to awe, and Rabbi Eliezer ben Yaakov adds that one who has a mezuzah on his doorway is fortified on all sides against sin (Menachot 33b, Tur, Yoreh De'ah 285, Menachot 43b).

The Rambam crystallizes the purpose most sharply: by encountering the unity of God's name each time one crosses the threshold, a person awakens from preoccupation with the vanities of time and recognizes that nothing endures for eternity except knowledge of the Creator (Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll 6:13).

Source 1 · Tanach
Verified

Deuteronomy 6:4-9

דברים ו׳:ד׳-ט׳

Deuteronomy 6:4-9

The Shema passage commands loving God, teaching these words to children, speaking of them constantly, and binding them as a sign on the hand and frontlets between the eyes, and writing them on the doorposts and gates. The plain sense frames mezuzah as part of a life saturated with covenantal remembrance and loyalty.

וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּכׇל־לְבָבְךָ֥ וּבְכׇל־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ וּבְכׇל־מְאֹדֶֽךָ׃ וְהָי֞וּ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָנֹכִ֧י מְצַוְּךָ֛ הַיּ֖וֹם עַל־לְבָבֶֽךָ׃ וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזֻז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃ {ס}

You shall love the ETERNAL your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day. inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.

Source 2 · Tanach
Verified

Deuteronomy 11:13-21

דברים י״א:י״ג-כ״א

Deuteronomy 11:13-21

This second Shema passage links the commandments to rain, blessing, and the danger of turning aside after one’s heart and eyes. Writing the words on the doorposts and gates marks the home as a place governed by divine service and constant recollection.

וְשַׂמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־דְּבָרַ֣י אֵ֔לֶּה עַל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וְעַֽל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וּקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם אֹתָ֤ם לְאוֹת֙ עַל־יֶדְכֶ֔ם וְהָי֥וּ לְטוֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֵיכֶֽם׃ וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזוּז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃

Therefore impress these My words upon your very heart: bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead, and inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates—

Source 3 · Chazal
Verified

Sifra, Tzav, Mekhilta DeMiluim I:23

Sifra, Tzav, Mekhilta DeMiluim I:23

The gates of houses and the gates of cities both require a mezuzah, based on the verse in Devarim that commands writing these words on the doorposts of one's house and gates.

שערי בתים ושערי מדינות יש בהם מצוה למקום שנאמר (דברים ו, ט) "וכתבתם על מְזוּזֹת ביתך ובשעריך".

Source 4 · Chazal
Verified

Menachot 43b

מנחות מ״ג ב — ד"ה תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן

Menachot 43b:10

The passage extends the theme of visible ritual signs at the boundary of daily life, discussing remembrance through commandments attached to the body and environment. It helps explain how mezuzah functions as a constant prompt to consciousness of God.

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: חֲבִיבִין יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁסִּיבְּבָן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּמִצְוֹת, תְּפִילִּין בְּרָאשֵׁיהֶן וּתְפִילִּין בִּזְרוֹעוֹתֵיהֶן וְצִיצִית בְּבִגְדֵיהֶן וּמְזוּזָה לְפִתְחֵיהֶן, וַעֲלֵיהֶן אָמַר דָּוִד: ״שֶׁבַע בַּיּוֹם הִלַּלְתִּיךָ עַל מִשְׁפְּטֵי צִדְקֶךָ״. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: כֹּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ תְּפִילִּין בְּרֹאשׁוֹ וּתְפִילִּין בִּזְרוֹעוֹ וְצִיצִית בְּבִגְדוֹ וּמְזוּזָה בְּפִתְחוֹ, הַכֹּל בְּחִיזּוּק שֶׁלֹּא יֶחֱטָא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וְהַחוּט הַמְשֻׁלָּשׁ לֹא בִמְהֵרָה יִנָּתֵק״, וְאוֹמֵר: ״חֹנֶה מַלְאַךְ ה׳ סָבִיב לִירֵאָיו וַיְחַלְּצֵם״.

The Sages taught in a baraita: The Jewish people are beloved, as the Holy One, Blessed be He, surrounded them with mitzvot: They have phylacteries on their heads, and phylacteries on their arms, and ritual fringes on their garments, and a mezuza for their doorways. Concerning them David said: “Seven times a day I praise You, because of Your righteous ordinances” (Psalms 119:164). This alludes to the two phylacteries, the four ritual fringes, and the mezuza, which total seven. Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov says: Anyone who has phylacteries on his head, phylacteries on his arm, ritual fringes on his garment, and a mezuza on his doorway is strengthened from all sides so that he will not sin, as it is stated in the verse: “And a threefold cord is not quickly broken” (Ecclesiastes 4:12). This is interpreted as an allusion to the three mitzvot of phylacteries, ritual fringes, and mezuza. And the verse states: “The angel of the Lord encamps round about them that fear Him, and delivers them” (Psalms 34:8). This is interpreted to mean that the angel of the Lord surrounds those who fulfill the mitzvot and saves them from sin.

Source 5 · Chazal
Verified

Menachot 33b

מנחות ל״ג ב — ד"ה אָמַר רָבָא

Menachot 33b:2

The sugya discusses the mezuzah as fixed on the doorpost and draws halakhic and symbolic conclusions from its placement. It is a key Talmudic source for understanding the mitzvah as defining and guarding the threshold of the house.

אָמַר רָבָא: מִצְוָה לְהַנִּיחָהּ בְּטֶפַח הַסָּמוּךְ לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים. מַאי טַעְמָא? רַבָּנַן אָמְרִי: כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְגַּע בַּמְּזוּזָה מִיָּד. רַב חֲנִינָא מִסּוּרָא אוֹמֵר: כִּי הֵיכִי דְּתִינְטְרֵיהּ. אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא: בּוֹא וּרְאֵה שֶׁלֹּא כְּמִדַּת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִדַּת בָּשָׂר וְדָם, מִדַּת בָּשָׂר וָדָם – מֶלֶךְ יוֹשֵׁב מִבִּפְנִים וְעַם מְשַׁמְּרִין אוֹתוֹ מִבַּחוּץ, מִדַּת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֵינוֹ כֵּן, עֲבָדָיו יוֹשְׁבִין מִבִּפְנִים וְהוּא מְשַׁמְּרָן מִבַּחוּץ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״ה׳ שׁוֹמְרֶךָ ה׳ צִלְּךָ עַל יַד יְמִינֶךָ״.

§ Rava says: It is a mitzva to place the mezuza in the handbreadth adjacent to the public domain. The Gemara asks: What is the reason for this? The Rabbis say that it is in order that one encounter the mezuza immediately upon one’s entrance to the house. Rav Ḥanina from Sura says: It is in order that the mezuza protect the entire house, by placing it as far outside as one can. The Gemara adds: Rabbi Ḥanina says: Come and see that the attribute of flesh and blood is not like the attribute of the Holy One, Blessed be He. The attribute of flesh and blood is that a king sits inside his palace, and the people protect him from the outside, whereas with regard to the attribute of the Holy One, Blessed be He, it is not so. Rather, His servants, the Jewish people, sit inside their homes, and He protects them from the outside. As it is stated: “The Lord is your keeper, the Lord is your shade upon your right hand” (Psalms 121:5).

Source 6 · Chazal
Verified

Sifrei Devarim on Deuteronomy 6:6-9

ספרי דברים ל״ו — ד"ה חֲבִיבִים יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁסִּבְּבָם הַכָּתוּב בְּמִצְווֹת

Sifrei Devarim 36:9

The midrash expands the verses about teaching, binding, and writing these words, treating the mezuzah as a concrete sign of covenantal consciousness. It connects the home’s doorway with enduring remembrance of Torah.

חֲבִיבִים יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁסִּבְּבָם הַכָּתוּב בְּמִצְווֹת: תְּפִלִּין בְּרָאשֵׁיהֶם וּתְפִלִּין בִּזְרוֹעוֹתֵיהֶם, מְזוּזָה בְּפִתְחֵיהֶם, צִיצִית בְּבִגְדֵיהֶם. וַעֲלֵיהֶם אָמַר דָּוִד (תהלים קיט קסד): ״שֶׁבַע בַּיּוֹם הִלַּלְתִּיךָ עַל מִשְׁפְּטֵי צִדְקֶךָ״. נִכְנַס לַמֶּרְחָץ – רָאָה עַצְמוֹ עָרוֹם. אָמַר: אוֹי לִי שֶׁאֲנִי עָרוֹם מִן הַמִּצְווֹת! נִסְתַּכֵּל בַּמִּילָה, הִתְחִיל סוֹדֵר עָלֶיהָ אֶת הַשֶּׁבַח, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים יב א): ״לַמְנַצֵּחַ עַל הַשְּׁמִינִית מִזְמוֹר לְדָוִד״. מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וָדָם שֶׁאָמַר לְאִשְׁתּוֹ: הֱוִי מִתְקַשֶּׁטֶת בְּכָל תַּכְשִׁיטַיִךְ, כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּהֵא רְצוּיָה לִי. כָּךְ אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל: בָּנַי, הֱיוּ מְצֻיָּנִים בַּמִּצְווֹת, כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּהְיוּ רְצוּיִים לִי. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (שיר השירים ו ד): ״יָפָה אַתְּ רַעְיָתִי כְּתִרְצָה״, יָפָה אַתְּ כְּשֶׁאַתְּ רְצוּיָה לִי.

5. Beloved is Israel! For Scripture has surrounded them with commandments— the prayer-amulets on their heads and arms [are two], the doorpost-inscriptions on their entrances [count as one], the fringes on their garments [count as four]. And of them, said David: “Seven times a day do I praise You for your righteous laws” (Ps.119:164). When he entered the bath house, he saw himself naked and said: Woe is me! For I am naked of commandments! Contemplating his circumcision, he began to arrange hymns of praise for it, as it is said [regarding the day of circumcision]: “To the Leader: for the eighth, a song of David” (Ps.12:1) 2. Does the verse really speak in praise of the Land of Israel? Or, perhaps, it speaks in praise of the Land of Egypt! The Teaching states: “And Hebron was built seven years before Zoan of Egypt” (Nu.13:22). What was Zoan? The center of government. And, similarly He says: “Its officials were in Zoan” (Is.30:4). What was Hebron? The trash-heap of the Land of Israel, for it is stated: “Rebellious Kiryath-arba, which is Hebron” (Gn.35:27). Now, look— doesn’t it follow logically: If Hebron is the trash-heap of the Land of Israel, yet the Land of Israel is praised with praises worthy of the land of Egypt— which, you see, is more praiseworthy than all other lands [as at Gn.13:10]— the logical conclusion is that the Land of Israel is most praiseworthy of all lands!

Source 7 · Rishonim
Verified

Ramban on Exodus 13:16

רמב"ן על שמות י״ג:ט״ז

Ramban on Exodus 13:16

Because the Holy One does not perform signs and wonders in every generation before the eyes of the wicked and heretics, He commands that what our eyes witnessed be made a perpetual memorial and sign, transmitted from generation to generation; and He emphasized this matter greatly—even imposing karet (excision) for eating chametz and for neglecting Pesach—requiring that everything we saw in signs and wonders be written on our hands and between our eyes, inscribed on the doorposts of houses in mezuzot, and recited by us morning and evening.

וּבַעֲבוּר כִּי הקב"ה לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה אוֹת וּמוֹפֵת בְּכָל דּוֹר לְעֵינֵי כָּל רָשָׁע אוֹ כּוֹפֵר, יְצַוֶּה אוֹתָנוּ שֶׁנַּעֲשֶׂה תָּמִיד זִכְרוֹן וְאוֹת לַאֲשֶׁר רָאוּ עֵינֵינוּ, וְנַעְתִּיק הַדָּבָר אֶל בָּנֵינוּ, וּבְנֵיהֶם לִבְנֵיהֶם, וּבְנֵיהֶם לְדוֹר אַחֲרוֹן. וְהֶחְמִיר מְאֹד בָּעִנְיָן הַזֶּה כְּמוֹ שֶׁחִיֵּב כָּרֵת בַּאֲכִילַת חָמֵץ (שמות י"ב:ט"ו) וּבַעֲזִיבַת הַפֶּסַח (במדבר ט יג), וְהִצְרִיךְ שֶׁנִּכְתֹּב כָּל מַה שֶׁנִּרְאָה אֵלֵינוּ בְּאוֹתוֹת וּבְמוֹפְתִים עַל יָדֵינוּ וְעַל בֵּין עֵינֵינוּ, וְלִכְתֹּב אוֹתוֹ עוֹד עַל פִּתְחֵי הַבָּתִּים בַּמְּזוּזוֹת, וְשֶׁנַּזְכִּיר זֶה בְּפִינוּ בַּבֹּקֶר וּבָעֶרֶב

Source 8 · Rishonim
Verified

Ramban on Deuteronomy 6:4-9

רמב"ן על דברים ו׳:ד׳-ט׳

Ramban on Deuteronomy 6:4-9

Ramban’s commentary on the Shema emphasizes the mitzvah’s role in keeping God’s words before one’s eyes and within the home. The doorpost inscription turns the house itself into a site of covenantal memory.

וְשִׁנַּנְתָּם לְבָנֶיךָ, גַּם אֵלֶּה מִצְוֹת מְבֹאָרוֹת נִרְמְזוּ כְּבָר, כִּי מֵאַחַר שֶׁצִּוָּה בַּמִּצְוֹת חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לְדוֹרוֹתֵיכֶם בֵּינִי וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אוֹת הִיא לְעוֹלָם (שמות לא יז), זֹאת בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְרוּ בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם וּבֵין זַרְעֲךָ אַחֲרֶיךָ (בראשית יז י), הִנֵּה אֲנַחְנוּ מְצֻוִּים שֶׁיֵּדְעוּ בָּנֵינוּ הַמִּצְוֹת, וְאֵיךְ יֵדְעוּ אוֹתָם אִם לֹא נְלַמְּדֵם. וְכֵן וּקְשַׁרְתָּם לְאוֹת עַל יָדֶךָ וְהָיוּ לְטֹטָפֹת בֵּין עֵינֶיךָ כְּבָר נֶאֱמַר (שמות יג ט), וּבֵאֵר בְּכָאן וּקְשַׁרְתָּם, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מֻנָּחִים בִּקְשִׁירָה, וְיִרְמֹז גַּם כֵּן לְקֶשֶׁר שֶׁל תְּפִלִּין שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ הֲלָכָה לְמֹשֶׁה מִסִּינַי (מנחות לה). וְהוֹסִיף בְּכָאן מִצְוַת הַמְּזוּזָה, וּכְתַבְתָּם עַל מְזֻזוֹת בֵּיתֶךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶיךָ, שֶׁלֹּא נִזְכְּרָה, וְאוּלַי גַּם זוֹ מְבֹאֶרֶת נִרְמְזָה שָׁם בְּמִצְוַת וּלְזִכָּרוֹן בֵּין עֵינֶיךָ לְמַעַן תִּהְיֶה תּוֹרַת ה' בְּפִיךָ. וְטַעַם וּבִשְׁעָרֶיךָ, וּבִמְזוּזוֹת שְׁאָר שְׁעָרֶיךָ, כְּגוֹן שַׁעֲרֵי הֶעָרִים וְהַמְּדִינוֹת, כְּמוֹ בְּאַחַד שְׁעָרֶיךָ (דברים ט"ו:ז'):

AND THOU SHALT TEACH THEM DILIGENTLY UNTO THY CHILDREN etc. These clarified commandments have also been alluded to previously, for, since He enjoined in certain commandments, It shall be a perpetual statute throughout your generations; It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel forever; This is My covenant, which ye shall keep, between Me and you and thy seed after thee — we are thus [obviously] commanded [to see to it] that our children know the commandments, and how shall they know [the precepts] unless we teach them. Similarly, the commandment And thou shalt bind them for a sign upon thy hand, and they shall be for frontlets between thine eyes has already been stated and here he [further] explained and thou shalt bind them meaning that they be placed [upon the arm and head and secured tightly] through tying. It also alludes to the knot [in the strap] of the phylacteries that, according to the tradition received by our Rabbis, is a law declared to Moses on Sinai. He added here the commandment of the Mezuzah — And thou shalt write them upon the door-posts of thy house, and upon thy gates — which is not mentioned there. Perhaps this, too, is [merely] explained [here rather than being an entirely new commandment] since it has been suggested in the commandment, and it be a memorial between thine eyes, that the law of the Eternal may be in thy mouth. The meaning of the expression and upon thy gates is “and upon the door-posts of the rest of your gates,” such as the gates of cities and countries, similar to within any of ‘thy gates’ [which means “any of ‘your cities’ “].

Source 9 · Rishonim
Verified

Sefer HaChinukh 423

ספר החינוך תכ״ג

Sefer HaChinukh 423:2

The Chinukh presents the mitzvah of mezuzah as a means to imprint faith and remembrance into the dwelling place, so that a person entering and leaving encounters awareness of Heaven. He also notes its protective dimension.

מִשָּׁרְשֵׁי הַמִּצְוָה לִהְיוֹת זִכָּרוֹן לָאָדָם בֶּאֱמוּנַת הַשֵּׁם בְּכָל עֵת בּוֹאוֹ לְבֵיתוֹ וְצֵאתוֹ, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁכָּתַבְתִּי בְּעִנְיַן הַתְּפִלִּין, וּכְעִנְיָן שֶׁאָמְרוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה בְּמִצְוָה זוֹ (מנחות, לג, א) אָמַר רַבִּי זֵירָא, אָמַר רַב מַתָּנָה, אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל מִצְוָה לְהַנִּיחָהּ בִּתְחִלַּת שְׁלִישׁ הָעֶלְיוֹן, אָמַר רַבָּה [רָבָא] מִצְוָה לְהַנִּיחָהּ בַּטֶּפַח הַסָּמוּךְ לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, מַאי טַעְמָא? רַבָּנָן אָמְרִי כִּי הֵיכִי דְּתִפְגַּע בֵּהּ מִצְוָה מִיָּד (שם ב).

It is from the roots of the commandment that it serve as a memory device for a person about faith in God, every time he comes into his home and [when] he leaves [it], and like I wrote about the matter of tefillin. And [it is] like the matter that they, may their memory be blessed, wrote about this commandment (Menachot 33a), “Rabbi Zeira said that Rav Matnah said that Shmuel said, ‘It is a commandment to place it in the top third.’ Rabbah [Rava] said, ‘It is a commandment to place it in the handbreadth adjacent to the public domain.’ What is the reason? The Rabbis said, ‘So that one will be met by the commandment immediately’” (Menachot 33b).

Source 10 · Rishonim
Verified

Tur, Yoreh De'ah 285

טור, יורה דעה רפ״ה

Tur, Yoreh De'ah 285

The Tur records the laws of mezuzah and cites its practical placement and significance on the home’s entrance. It is a standard halakhic gateway to the mitzvah’s meaning and implementation.

הלכות מזוזה מצות עשה לכתוב פרשת שמע והיה אם שמוע ולקובען על מזוזת הפתח דכתיב וכתבתם על מזוזות ביתך ובשעריך וצריך ליזהר מאד בה כמו שאחז"ל כל מי שיש לו תפילין בראשו ובזרועו וציצית בבגדו ומזוזה בפתחו מוחזק הוא שלא יחטא מפני שיש במזוזה יחודו של הקב"ה ותמיד בבואו ובצאתו יזכור יחודו של הקב"ה ויתן יראתו על פניו לבלתי יחטא וכל הזהיר בה יאריכו ימיו וימי בניו דכתיב למען ירבו ימיכם וימי בניכם ואם אינו זהיר כה יתקצרו דמכלל הן אתה שומע לאו וכן דרשו חכמים בעון מזוזה בניו ובנותיו מתים קטנים דכתיב דם נפשות אביונים נקיים וסמיך ליה לא במחתרת מצאתים וגדולה מזה שהבית נשמר על ידה כמו שדרשו בפסוק ה' שומרך וגומר מלך ב"ו מבפנים ועבדיו שומרין אותו מבחוץ ואתם ישנין על מטתכם והקב"ה שומר אתכם מבחוץ וע"כ נתינתה בטפח החיצון שיהא כל הבית לפנים הימנה ובשמירתה ומ"מ לא יהא כוונת המקיימה אלא לקיים מצות הבורא יתעלה שצונו עליה:

Source 11 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll 6:13

משנה תורה, הלכות תפילין ומזוזה וספר תורה ו׳:י״ג

Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll 6:13

Rambam explains that the mezuzah serves as a perpetual reminder of God’s unity and love, arousing a person from the vanities of time to the knowledge of the Creator. This is one of the clearest classical formulations of the mezuzah’s purpose.

חַיָּב אָדָם לְהִזָּהֵר בִּמְזוּזָה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא חוֹבַת הַכּל תָּמִיד. וְכָל זְמַן שֶׁיִּכָּנֵס וְיֵצֵא יִפְגַּע בְּיִחוּד הַשֵּׁם שְׁמוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְיִזְכֹּר אַהֲבָתוֹ וְיֵעוֹר מִשְּׁנָתוֹ וְשִׁגְיוֹתָיו בְּהַבְלֵי הַזְּמַן.

A person must show great care in [the observance of the mitzvah of] mezuzah, because it is an obligation which is constantly incumbent upon everyone. [Through its observance,] whenever a person enters or leaves [the house], he will encounter the unity of the name of the Holy One, blessed be He, and remember his love for Him. Thus, he will awake from his sleep and his obsession with the vanities of time, and recognize that there is nothing which lasts for eternity except the knowledge of the Creator of the world.

Source 12 · Acharonim
Verified

Arukh HaShulchan, Yoreh De'ah 285:1-6

ערוך השולחן, יורה דעה רפ״ה:א׳-ו׳

Arukh HaShulchan, Yoreh De'ah 285:1-6

Arukh HaShulchan explains the laws of mezuzah with attention to its rationale and the home’s sanctification through the mitzvah. He presents it as both a legal requirement and a living sign of Jewish identity.

"וכתבתם על מזוזות ביתיך ובשעריך". ומפני שיש במזוזה ייחודו של הקדוש ברוך הוא, ותמיד בבואו ובצאתו יזכור על זה – יתן יראתו על פניו לבלתי יחטא.

Source 13 · Acharonim
Verified

Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah 285

שולחן ערוך, יורה דעה רפ״ה — ד"ה שכר מצות מזוזה

Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah 285:1

It is a positive commandment to write the passages of Shema and Veyhaya Im-Shamoa and affix them to the doorpost, requiring great care, such that those careful in this mitzvah will have their days and their children's days lengthened, while those negligent will have their days shortened; however, if one cannot afford both tefillin and mezuzah, one should acquire tefillin rather than mezuzah, since a mitzvah constituting a bodily obligation takes precedence.

שכר מצות מזוזה. ובו ב' סעיפים: מצות עשה לכתוב פ' שמע והיה אם שמוע ולקבעם על מזוזת הפתח וצריך ליזהר בה מאד וכל הזהיר בה יאריכו ימיו וימי בניו ואם אינו זהיר בה יתקצרו: הגה ומ"מ אם אין ידו משגת לקנות תפילין ומזוזה יקנה תפילין ולא מזוזה (ירושלמי סוף מגילה ובא"ח סי' ל"ח סי"ב) דמצוה שהיא חובת הגוף עדיפא:

The reward and mitzva of mezuzah. Containing 2 paragraphs: It is a positive commandment to write the Shema, the Veyhaya Im-Shamoa, and to fix them on the side of one’s door, and one needs to be very careful in this, and all who are careful in this, their days will be lengthened, and the days of their children. And if one is not careful in this, his days will be shortened. Rama: And in any case, if it's out of his reach to acquir Tefillin and a Mezuzah, let him acquire Tefillin and not Mezuzah (Yerushalmi Megillah, end; O"C 38:12), as a mitzvah that is a bodily obligation is greater.