This chapter describes the 'brokenhearted' person as one who becomes receptive and able to return to serving Hashem. Humility is presented as spiritually productive, whereas self-importance impedes attachment to God.
וְהִנֵּה, אַף אִם כְּשֶׁיַּאֲרִיךְ הַרְבֵּה לְהַעֲמִיק בָּעִנְיָינִים הַנִּזְכָּרִים לְעֵיל כְּשָׁעָה וּשְׁתַּיִם, לִהְיוֹת בִּנְמִיכַת רוּחַ וְלֵב נִשְׁבָּר, יָבֹא לִידֵי עַצְבוּת גְּדוֹלָה – לֹא יָחוּשׁ. אַךְ בֶּאֱמֶת, אֵין לֵב נִשְׁבָּר וּמְרִירוּת הַנֶּפֶשׁ – עַל רִיחוּקָהּ מֵאוֹר פְּנֵי ה׳ וְהִתְלַבְּשׁוּתָהּ בְּסִטְרָא אָחֳרָא – נִקְרָאִים בְּשֵׁם ״עַצְבוּת״ כְּלָל בִּלְשׁוֹן הַקּוֹדֶשׁ, כִּי עַצְבוּת – הִיא שֶׁלִּבּוֹ מְטוּמְטָם כָּאֶבֶן וְאֵין חַיּוּת בְּלִבּוֹ, אֲבָל מְרִירוּת וְלֵב נִשְׁבָּר, אַדְּרַבָּה, הֲרֵי יֵשׁ חַיּוּת בְּלִבּוֹ לְהִתְפָּעֵל וּלְהִתְמַרְמֵר, רַק שֶׁהִיא חַיּוּת מִבְּחִינַת גְּבוּרוֹת קְדוֹשׁוֹת, וְהַשִּׂמְחָה מִבְּחִינַת חֲסָדִים, כִּי הַלֵּב – כָּלוּל מִשְׁתֵּיהֶן. וְאַחַר כָּךְ יָבֹא לִידֵי שִׂמְחָה אֲמִיתִּית. דְּהַיְינוּ, שֶׁזֹּאת יָשִׁיב אֶל לִבּוֹ לְנַחֲמוֹ בְּכִפְלַיִים, אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים וְהָאֱמֶת הָאֵלֶּה הַנִּזְכָּרִים לְעֵיל, לֵאמֹר לְלִבּוֹ: ״אֱמֶת הוּא כֵּן בְּלִי סָפֵק, שֶׁאֲנִי רָחוֹק מְאֹד מֵה׳ בְּתַכְלִית, וּמְשׁוּקָּץ וּמְתוֹעָב כוּ׳, אַךְ כָּל זֶה הוּא אֲנִי לְבַדִּי, הוּא הַגּוּף עִם נֶפֶשׁ הַחִיּוּנִית שֶׁבּוֹ, אֲבָל מִכָּל מָקוֹם, יֵשׁ בְּקִרְבִּי ״חֵלֶק ה׳״ מַמָּשׁ, שֶׁיֶּשְׁנוֹ אֲפִילוּ בְּקַל שֶׁבְּקַלִּים, שֶׁהִיא נֶפֶשׁ הָאֱלֹהִית עִם נִיצוֹץ אֱלֹקוּת מַמָּשׁ הַמְלוּבָּשׁ בָּהּ לְהַחֲיוֹתָהּ, רַק שֶׁהִיא בִּבְחִינַת גָּלוּת, וְאִם כֵּן, אַדְּרַבָּה, כָּל מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי בְּתַכְלִית הָרִיחוּק מֵה׳ וְהַתִּיעוּב וְשִׁיקּוּץ הֲרֵי נֶפֶשׁ הָאֱלֹהִית שֶׁבִּי בְּגָלוּת גָּדוֹל יוֹתֵר, וְהָרַחֲמָנוּת עָלֶיהָ גְּדוֹלָה מְאֹד, וְלָזֶה אָשִׂים כָּל מְגַמָּתִי וְחֶפְצִי – לְהוֹצִיאָהּ וּלְהַעֲלוֹתָהּ מִגָּלוּת זֶה, לַהֲשִׁיבָהּ אֶל בֵּית אָבִיהָ כִּנְעוּרֶיהָ, קוֹדֶם שֶׁנִּתְלַבְּשָׁה בְּגוּפִי, שֶׁהָיְתָה נִכְלֶלֶת בְּאוֹרוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ וּמְיוּחֶדֶת עִמּוֹ בְּתַכְלִית, וְגַם עַתָּה כֵּן – תְּהֵא כְּלוּלָה וּמְיוּחֶדֶת בּוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ, כְּשֶׁאָשִׂים כָּל מְגַמָּתִי בְּתוֹרָה וּמִצְוֹת, לְהַלְבִּישׁ בָּהֶן כָּל עֶשֶׂר בְּחִינוֹתֶיהָ כַּנִּזְכָּר לְעֵיל, וּבִפְרָט בְּמִצְוַת תְּפִלָּה, לִצְעוֹק אֶל ה׳ בַּצַּר לָהּ מִגָּלוּתָהּ בְּגוּפִי הַמְשׁוּקָּץ, לְהוֹצִיאָהּ מִמַּסְגֵּר, וּלְדָבְקָה בּוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ״.
Even if by prolonging the deep concentration on the aforementioned matters for an hour or two in order to acquire a humble spirit and a contrite heart, the individual will lapse into a profound dejection, he should not worry. In truth, however, a contrite heart and the bitterness of the soul—because of its remoteness from the light of the Divine Countenance and its being clothed in the sitra achara—are not called atzvut (dejection) in the sacred tongue, for atzvut implies that the heart is dull like a stone and is devoid of vitality. But in the case of merirut (bitterness) and a broken heart, the contrary is surely true—there is vitality in the heart fermenting agitation and bitterness, except that this vitality stems from the attribute of the holy gevurot (severity), whereas joy comes from the attribute of chasadim (kindness), for the heart is comprised of them both. Following this he will attain true joy when he will reflect in his heart and gain a double measure of comfort, in view of what has been said above in truth, saying to himself: “Truly and without doubt I am far removed from G–d, and I am abominable and loathsome, and so on. Yet all this is myself alone, that is to say, the body with its vivifying soul. Yet, there is within me a veritable part of G–d, which is found even in the most worthless of the worthless, namely, the divine soul with a spark of veritable G–dliness which is clothed in it and animates it, except that it is, as it were, in [a state of] exile. Therefore, on the contrary, the further I am separated from G–d, and the more contemptible and loathsome, the deeper in exile is my divine soul, and the more greatly is she to be pitied; therefore I shall make it my whole aim and desire to extricate her and liberate her from this exile, in order to return her ‘to her Father’s house as in her youth,’ before she was clothed in my body, when she was absorbed in His light, blessed be He, and completely united with Him. Now she will again be thus absorbed and united with Him, blessed be He, if I will bend my whole aim toward the Torah and the commandments, to clothe therein all her ten faculties, as mentioned above, especially in the precept of prayer, to cry to the L–rd in her distress of exile in my despicable body, to liberate her from her prison, that she may attach herself to Him, blessed be He.”