Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot 9:5
תלמוד ירושלמי ברכות ט׳:ה׳
Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot 9:5
One must recite a benediction for bad things just as for good things, as derived from the obligation to love God with all one's heart, soul, and strength—interpreted to include both the good and bad inclinations, acceptance even of death, and gratitude for every measure God decrees.
משנה: חַיָיב לְבָרֵךְ עַל הָרָעָה כְּשֵׁם שֶׁמְּבָרֵךְ עַל הַטּוֹבָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְאָהַבְתָּ אֶת יי אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכָל לְבָבְךָ וּבְכָל נַפְשְׁךָ וּבְכָל מְאֹדֶךָ. בְּכָל לְבָבְךָ בִּשְׁנֵי יְצָרֶיךָ בְּיֵצֶר הַטּוֹב וּבְיֵצֶר הָרָע. בְּכָל נַפְשְׁךָ אֲפִילוּ הוּא נוֹטֵל אֶת נַפְשֶׁךָ. בְּכָל מְאֹדֶךָ בְּכָל מָמוֹנְךָ. דָּבָר אַחֵר בְּכָל מְאֹדֶךָ בְּכָל מִידָּה וּמִידָּה שֶׁהוּא מוֹדֵד לָךְ בַּכֹּל הֲוֵי מוֹדֶה לוֹ מְאֹד מְאֹד. לֹא יָקֵל אָדָם אֶת רֹאשׁוֹ כְּנֶגֶד שַׁעַר הַמִּזְרָח שֶׁהוּא מְכוּוָּן כְּנֶגֶד בֵּית קָדְשֵׁי הַקֳּדָשִׁים. וְלֹא יִכָּנֵס לְהַר הַבַּיִת בְּמַקְּלוֹ וּבְמִנְעֲלוֹ וּבַאֲפוּנְדָתוֹ וּבְאָבָק שֶׁעַל רַגְלָיו. וְלֹא יַעֲשֶׂנּוּ קַפַּנְדָּרִיָּה. וּרְקִיקָה מִקַּל וָחוֹמֶר. כָּל חוֹתְמֵי הַבְּרָכוֹת שֶׁהָיוּ בַמִּקְדָּשׁ הָיוּ מִן הָעוֹלָם. וּמִשֶּׁקִּלְקְלוּ הַמִּינִין וְאָמְרוּ אֵין עוֹלָם אֶלָָּא אֶחָד. הִתְקִינוּ שֶׁיְּהוּ אוֹמְרִים מִן הָעוֹלָם וְעַד הָעוֹלָם. וְהִתְקִינוּ שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם שׁוֹאֵל אֶת שְׁלוֹם חֲבֵרוֹ בַשֵּׁם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהִנֵּה בוֹעַז בָּא מִבֵּית לֶחֶם. וַיֹּאמֶר לַקּוֹצְרִים יי עִמָּכֶם. וְאוֹמֵר אַל תָּבוּז כִּי זָקְנָה אִמֶּךָ. עֵת לַעֲשׂוֹת לַיי הֵפֵרוּ תוֹרָתֶךָ. רִבִּי נָתָן אוֹמֵר הֵפֵרוּ תוֹרָתֶךָ עֵת לַעֲשׂוֹת לַיי. רִבִּי חוּנָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אָחָא לְדָוִד מִזְמוֹר חֶסֶד וּמִשְׁפָּט אָשִׁירָה לְךָ יי אֲזַמֵּרָה. אָמַר דָּוִד לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא. אִם חֶסֶד אַתָּה עוֹשֶׂה עִמִּי אָשִׁירָה. וְאִם מִשְׁפָּט אַתָּה עוֹשֶׂה עִמִּי אָשִׁירָה. בֵּין כַּךְ וּבֵין כַּךְ לַיי אֲזַמֵּרָה. אָמַר רִבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא בֶּן יְהוּדָה בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר בַּיי אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר. בֵּין עַל מִדַּת הַדִּין בֵּין עַל מִדַּת רַחֲמִים אֲהַלֵּל דָּבָר. וְרַבָּנִן אָמְרִין כּוֹס יְשׁוּעוֹת אֶשָּׂא וּבְשֵׁם יי אֶקְרָא צָרָה וְיָגוֹן אֶמְצָא וּבְשֵׁם יי אֶקְרָא בֵּין כַּךְ וּבֵין כַּךְ וּבְשֵׁם יי אֶקְרָא. אָמַר רִבִּי יוּדָן בֶּן פְּלָיָה הוּא שֶׁאִיּוֹב אָמַר יי נָתַן וַיי לָקַח יְהִי שֵׁם יי מְבוֹרָךְ כְּשֶׁנָּתַן בְּרַחֲמִים נָתַן. וּכְשֶׁלָּקַח בְּרַחֲמִים לָקַח. וְלֹא עוֹד אֶלָּא כְשֶׁנָּתַן לֹא נִמְלַךְ בְּבִרְיָיה. וּכְשֶׁלָּקַח נִמְלַךְ בְּבֵית דִּינוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיי הוּא וּבֵית דִּינוֹ. בִּנְיַין אָב שֶׁבְּכוּלָּם וַיי דִּיבֶּר עָלֶיךָ רָעָה.
MISHNAH: One is required to recite a benediction for bad things the same way it is said for good things, as it is written (Deut. 6:5): “You must love the Eternal, your God, with all your heart, all your soul, and all your force.” “With all your heart,” with your two instincts, the goodinstinct and the bad instinct. “With all your soul,” even if He takes your soul. “With all your force,” with all your money. Another explanation: “With all your force,” for every measure that He measures for you, for everything thank him very much. A person should not behave improperly before the Eastern gate, which lies in a straight line with the Holiest of Holies. And one should not enter the Temple Mount with his walking stick, sandals, money belt, or dust on his feet. Also one should not use it as a short cut, and certainly not spit there. All endings of benedictions in the Temple were “from eternity.” When heretics did err and said that there was only one world, they ordained that one should say “from eternity to eternity.” They also instituted that one should greet his friend by the Name, as it was said (Ruth 2:4): “Lo, Boaz came from Bethlehem and said to the harvesters: The Eternal be with you!” And it says (Pr. 23:22): “Be not contemptuous because your mother got old.” (Ps. 119:126) “It is time to work for the Eternal; they violated Your Torah.” Rebbi Nathan says, they violated Your Torah, it is time to work for the Eternal. Rebbi Ḥuna in the name of Rebbi Aḥa: (Ps. 101:1) “A song of David. Kindness and justice I shall sing, to You, o Eternal, I shall chant.” David said before the Holy One, praise to Him: If You act in kindness towards me, I shall sing. If You act in judgment towards me, I shall sing. In any case, I shall chant. Rebbi Tanḥuma ben Yehudah said, (Ps. 56:11) “In God I will praise words, in the Eternal I will praise words.” On measures of judgment as on measures of mercy I shall praise words. But the sages say (Ps. 116:13): “I lift the cup of salvation, I call on the Name of the Eternal, trouble and sorrow I will find, but on the Name of the Eternal I shall call.” Whatever may happen to me, I shall call on the Name of the Eternal. Rebbi Yudan bar Pelaya said: This is what Job said (Job 1:21): “The Eternal gave, and the Eternal took, may the Name of the Eternal be praised!” When He gave, He gave in mercy; when He took, He took in mercy. In addition, when He gave, He did not consult anybody, but when He took, He consulted His Court. Rebbi Eleazar said, everwhere it says “and the Eternal” it means Him and His Court. The paradigm of this is (1K. 22:23): “And the Eternal spoke woe over you.”