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These sources address the halakhic framework for observing Shabbat when ordinary sunset and twilight are absent or extremely prolonged, including the timing of candle-lighting, prayer services, and Havdalah. They establish the role of twilight (bein ha-shemashot) and astronomical markers in determining Shabbat's onset and conclusion.
זמן בין השמשות משתשקע החמה ואילך