Shabbatשבת

Using Shabbat Timers for Automatic Appliances

These sources address the permissibility of setting devices in motion before Shabbat so that they operate automatically throughout Shabbat without direct human intervention. They examine the foundational principles of pre-Shabbat activation, the appearance of labor on Shabbat, and the application of these rules to modern electrical timers and household appliances.

מותר להתחיל במלאכה בערב שבת סמוך לחשיכה אף על פי שאינו יכול לגומרה מבעוד יום והיא נגמרת מאליה בשבת

13 sources · 8 verified

Opens as a working sheet — explore, annotate, and export.

What the sources say

The foundational principle permitting pre-Shabbos setup is rooted in the Talmudic debate recorded in Shabbat 17b, where Beit Hillel permit initiating soaking, bleaching, and trapping before Shabbat even when the process continues on Shabbat itself — and the Gemara's ruling in Shabbat 18a extends this, explicitly permitting one to open a water canal at nightfall on Friday so that it continues to flow throughout Shabbat, establishing that automated continuation of a melachah-like process set in motion before Shabbat is permitted.

This principle is codified in Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 252:1, which rules that it is permitted to begin a melachah on Friday near dark even though it can only be completed on Shabbat, provided it concludes on its own — and Mishnah Berurah 252:1 adds that even where the action would involve a Torah-level prohibition if performed on Shabbat itself, beginning it on Friday is permitted since the forbidden completion happens automatically.

More directly applicable to timer-based devices, Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 338:3 rules that one may set up a clock on Friday that will ring throughout Shabbat, and Peninei Halakhah, Shabbat 17:26 extends this logic explicitly to an electric Shabbos-timer, ruling that setting such a timer before Shabbat to connect and disconnect current — causing lights to turn on and off — is permitted, since Shabbos prohibitions take effect only from the onset of Shabbat and not upon actions initiated beforehand.

Against this permissive ruling, Iggerot Moshe, Orach Chayim 4:60 takes a sharply restrictive position, writing that in his view it is clearly forbidden to permit such use of a timer, because through such a device one could perform all manner of melachot on Shabbat — including in factories — and there is no greater degradation of Shabbat than this.

Source 1 · Chazal
Verified

Shabbat 17b

שבת י״ז ב — ד"ה מַתְנִי׳ בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים

Shabbat 17b:6

Records the enactments concerning activities begun before Shabbat, including restrictions on processes that may appear as though one is performing labor on Shabbat. This is a key Talmudic source for the pre-Shabbat automation framework.

מַתְנִי׳ בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: אֵין שׁוֹרִין דְּיוֹ וְסַמָּנִים וְכַרְשִׁינִין אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּשּׁוֹרוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: אֵין נוֹתְנִין אוּנִּין שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן לְתוֹךְ הַתַּנּוּר אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּהְבִּילוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, וְלֹא אֶת הַצֶּמֶר לַיּוֹרָה אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּקְלוֹט הָעַיִן, וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: אֵין פּוֹרְסִין מְצוּדוֹת חַיָּה וְעוֹפוֹת וְדָגִים אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּצּוֹדוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: אֵין מוֹכְרִין לְגוֹי וְאֵין טוֹעֲנִין עִמּוֹ וְאֵין מַגְבִּיהִין עָלָיו אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיַּגִּיעַ לְמָקוֹם קָרוֹב, וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: אֵין נוֹתְנִין עוֹרוֹת לְעַבְּדָן, וְלֹא כֵּלִים לְכוֹבֵס גּוֹי אֶלָּא כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּעָשׂוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. וּבְכוּלָּן בֵּית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין עִם

MISHNA: In this mishna there is a fundamental dispute between Beit Hillel and Beit Shammai: Must one begin refraining from actions prohibited on Shabbat on Shabbat eve? Or, may one initiate an action prior to Shabbat, even if he knows that it will continue on its own on Shabbat itself? These are the details of that dispute: Beit Shammai say: One may only soak dry ink in water and dry plants, which produce dyes, in water and vetch for animal food to soften them in water on Shabbat eve, adjacent to Shabbat, if there is clearly sufficient time for them to soak for their designated purpose while it is still day, before Shabbat begins, and their continued soaking on Shabbat will have no effect. And Beit Hillel permit doing so. Beit Shammai say: One may only place bundles of combed flax inside the oven on Shabbat eve if there is sufficient time so that they will be heated while it is still day. And one may only place wool into the dyer’s kettle if there is sufficient time for the wool to absorb the dye while it is still day. And Beit Hillel permit doing so. Beit Shammai say: One may spread traps for an animal and birds and fish only if there is sufficient time remaining in the day for them to be trapped in them while it is still day, and Beit Hillel permit doing so even if there is not sufficient time remaining in the day. Beit Shammai say: One may only sell an item to a gentile on Shabbat eve, and one may only load a burden on his donkey with him, and one may only lift a burden on him if there remains sufficient time for the gentile to arrive to a near place prior to Shabbat, and the Jew will play no role in the performance of a prohibited labor by the gentile on Shabbat. And Beit Hillel permit doing so. Beit Shammai say: One may not give skins to a gentile tanner, nor clothes to a gentile launderer, unless there is sufficient time for work on them to be completed while it is still day, before Shabbat begins. And in all of them Beit Hillel permit doing so with

Source 2 · Chazal
Verified

Shabbat 18a

שבת י״ח א — ד"ה תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן

Shabbat 18a:5

Continues the discussion of activities set in motion before Shabbat and the rabbinic boundaries governing their continuation on Shabbat. It is relevant to the conceptual basis of timers, while modern electricity requires additional analysis.

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: פּוֹתְקִין מַיִם לַגִּינָּה עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת עִם חֲשֵׁיכָה וּמִתְמַלֵּאת וְהוֹלֶכֶת כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ, וּמַנִּיחִין מוּגְמָר תַּחַת הַכֵּלִים עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת וּמִתְגַּמְּרִין וְהוֹלְכִין כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ, וּמַנִּיחִין גׇּפְרִית תַּחַת הַכֵּלִים עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת עִם חֲשֵׁיכָה וּמִתְגַּפְּרִין וְהוֹלְכִין כׇּל הַשַּׁבָּת כּוּלָּהּ, וּמַנִּיחִין קִילוֹר עַל גַּבֵּי הָעַיִן וְאִיסְפְּלָנִית עַל גַּבֵּי מַכָּה עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת עִם חֲשֵׁיכָה וּמִתְרַפֵּאת וְהוֹלֶכֶת כׇּל הַיּוֹם כּוּלּוֹ. אֲבָל אֵין נוֹתְנִין חִטִּין לְתוֹךְ הָרֵיחַיִם שֶׁל מַיִם אֶלָּא בִּכְדֵי שֶׁיִּטָּחֲנוּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם. וְהַשְׁתָּא דְּאָמְרַתְּ לְבֵית הִלֵּל אִית לְהוּ שְׁבִיתַת כֵּלִים דְּאוֹרָיְיתָא, גׇּפְרִית וּמוּגְמָר מַאי טַעְמָא שָׁרוּ? מִשּׁוּם דְּלָא קָעָבֵיד מַעֲשֶׂה. אוּנִּין שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן מַאי טַעְמָא שָׁרוּ — מִשּׁוּם דְּלָא עָבֵיד מַעֲשֶׂה, וּמֵינָח נַיְיחָא. מְצוּדַת חַיָּה וְעוֹף וְדָגִים דְּקָא עָבֵיד מַעֲשֶׂה, מַאי טַעְמָא שָׁרוּ? הָתָם נָמֵי בְּלֶחִי וְקוּקְרֵי דְּלָא קָעָבֵיד מַעֲשֶׂה.

The Sages taught in a Tosefta: One may open a canal that passes adjacent to a garden on Shabbat eve at nightfall, so that water will flow into a garden and the garden continuously fills with water all day long on Shabbat. Similarly, one may place incense, perfumed herbs placed on coals to produce a fragrance, on coals beneath the clothes on Shabbat eve and the clothes may be continuously perfumed all day long. And, similarly, one may place sulfur beneath the silver vessels on Shabbat eve at nightfall for the purpose of coloring the vessels, and they may be continuously exposed to sulfur all day long. And one may place an eye salve [kilor] on the eye and a bandage [ispelanit] smeared with cream on a wound on Shabbat eve at nightfall, and the wound may continuously heal all day long on Shabbat. However, one may not place wheat kernels into the water mill unless he does so in a way so that they will be ground while it is still day on Friday and not on Shabbat. Since the obligation of resting utensils on Shabbat was mentioned, the Gemara says: Now that you said that Beit Hillel also hold that resting utensils on Shabbat is required by Torah law, with regard to sulfur and incense on coals that are placed under silver vessels and clothes, respectively, what is the reason that the Sages permitted this on Shabbat? Isn’t that performed on Shabbat in utensils? The Gemara answers: Because the utensil itself does not perform an action when the incense or sulfur is burning. With regard to the bundles of flax, what is the reason that they permitted placing them in the oven on Shabbat eve at nightfall to dry, even though the oven is performing a prohibited labor on Shabbat? Because it does not perform an action; rather, on the contrary, it sits idle in its place and the prohibited labor occurs on its own. However, with regard to traps of an animal, and a bird, and a fish, which perform a bona fide action of trapping, what is the reason that they permitted spreading them on Shabbat eve at nightfall? The Gemara explains: There too, it is referring to a fish hook and nets [kokrei], which perform no action. They stand in place, and the fish comes to them and is trapped. Indeed, a trap that performs an action is prohibited.

Source 3 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 3:3-4

משנה תורה, הלכות שבת ג׳:ג׳-ד׳

Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 3:3-4

Discusses activities initiated before Shabbat that continue into Shabbat, including the treatment of processes involving heat and cooking. The chapter is relevant for the general concept of allowing an operation to proceed automatically, though a dishwasher has additional electrical and mechanical questions.

מַנִּיחִין קְדֵרָה עַל גַּבֵּי הָאֵשׁ אוֹ בָּשָׂר בַּתַּנּוּר אוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי גֶּחָלִים וְהֵן מִתְבַּשְּׁלִים וְהוֹלְכִין כָּל הַשַּׁבָּת וְאוֹכְלִין אוֹתָהּ בְּשַׁבָּת. וְיֵשׁ בְּדָבָר זֶה דְּבָרִים שֶׁהֵן אֲסוּרִין גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יַחְתֶּה בַּגֶּחָלִים בְּשַׁבָּת: כֵּיצַד. תַּבְשִׁיל שֶׁלֹּא בָּשֵׁל כָּל צָרְכּוֹ וְחַמִּין שֶׁלֹּא הוּחַמּוּ כָּל צָרְכָּן אוֹ תַּבְשִׁיל שֶׁבָּשֵׁל כָּל צָרְכּוֹ וְכָל זְמַן שֶׁמִּצְטַמֵּק הוּא יָפֶה לוֹ אֵין מַשְהִין אוֹתוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי הָאֵשׁ בְּשַׁבָּת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֻנַּח מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יַחְתֶּה בַּגֶּחָלִים כְּדֵי לְהַשְׁלִים בִּשּׁוּלוֹ אוֹ כְּדֵי לְצַמְּקוֹ. לְפִיכָךְ אִם גָּרַף הָאֵשׁ אוֹ שֶׁכִּסָּה אֵשׁ הַכִּירָה בְּאֵפֶר אוֹ בִּנְעֹרֶת פִּשְׁתָּן הַדַּקָּה אוֹ שֶׁעָמְמוּ הַגֶּחָלִים שֶׁהֲרֵי הֵן כִּמְכֻסּוֹת בְּאֵפֶר אוֹ שֶׁהִסִּיקוּהָ בְּקַשׁ אוֹ בִּגְבָבָא אוֹ בִּגְלָלֵי בְּהֵמָה דַּקָּה שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵין שָׁם גֶּחָלִים בּוֹעֲרוֹת הֲרֵי זֶה מֻתָּר לִשְׁהוֹת עָלֶיהָ. שֶׁהֲרֵי הִסִּיחַ דַּעְתּוֹ מִזֶּה הַתַּבְשִׁיל וְאֵין גּוֹזְרִין שֶׁמָּא יַחְתֶּה בָּאֵשׁ:

A pot may be placed over a fire, or meat may be placed in an oven or over coals [on Friday], so that they continue to cook throughout the Sabbath [with the intent] that they be eaten on the Sabbath. With regard to this matter, however, there are certain restrictions that were enacted lest one stir the coals on the Sabbath. What is implied? When food has not been cooked to the extent that it is ready to serve, water has not been boiled, or food has been cooked to the extent that it is ready to serve, but the longer it cooks the better it tastes, it may not be left over a fire on the Sabbath even though it was placed there before the commencement of the Sabbath, lest one stir the coals to complete the cooking process or to cause it to cook more thoroughly. Accordingly, it is permissible to leave [food cooking] if one removed the coals one covered the coals in the range with ash or with thin chips from the combing of flax, the coals burned low, for then they are covered with ash, or the fuel used was straw, stubble, or the feces of a small animal, for then no coals will remain. [In these instances, it is obvious that] the person has diverted his intention from this food. Hence, a decree was not [enacted forbidding food to be left on the fire] lest he stir the coals.

Source 4 · Acharonim
Verified

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 338

שולחן ערוך, אורח חיים של״ח — ד"ה זוג המקשקש לשעות עשוי ע"י משקולת

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 338:3

A clock mechanism operated by weights may be set up and prepared before Shabbat so that it will ring throughout Shabbat.

זוג המקשקש לשעות עשוי ע"י משקולת מותר לערכו ולהכינו מבעוד יום כדי שילך ויקשקש כל השבת:

On Friday, it is permitted to hang a clock that will ring on Shabbat.

Source 5 · Acharonim
Verified

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 252

שולחן ערוך, אורח חיים רנ״ב — ד"ה מלאכות המותרים והאסורים להתחיל בע"ש כדי

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 252:1

Establishes the foundational rules for beginning a melakhah before Shabbat that continues or operates on Shabbat, including the conditions under which work may be set in motion before Shabbat. Its principles are relevant background, but do not by themselves resolve modern dishwasher-specific issues.

מלאכות המותרים והאסורים להתחיל בע"ש כדי שיהיו נגמרים בשבת. ובו ז סעיפים: מותר להתחיל במלאכה בערב שבת סמוך לחשיכה אף על פי שאינו יכול לגומרה מבעוד יום והיא נגמרת מאליה בשבת כגון לשרות דיו וסממנין במים והם נשרים כל השבת ולתת אונין (פי' אגודות) של פשתן לתנור כדי שיתלבנו ולתת צמר לתוך היורה שאינה על האש והיא טוחה בטיט שאם היא על האש אסור שמא יחתה (פי' יגלה ויעיר הגחלים במחתה) ואפי' אינה על האש אם אינה טוחה בטיט אסור שמא יגיס בה בכף והמגיס בקדיר' אפי' אינה על האש חייב משום מבשל ומותר לפרוס מצודות חיה ועופות ודגים והם נצודים בשבת ומותר למכור לנכרי ולהטעינו סמוך לחשיכה ובלבד שיצא מפתח ביתו מבעוד יום: הגה ויש מתירין שיוציא עכו"ם בשבת אם ייחד לו העכו"ם מקום מבעוד יום בבית ישראל ויש להחמיר (מרדכי פ"ק דשבת) ועיין לקמן סי' שכ"ה: ומות' לפתוח מים לגנה והם נמשכים והולכים בכל השבת ולהניח קילור [סם של רפואה שנותנים על העין] עבה על העין אע"פ שאסור להניחו בשבת ולתת מוגמר תחת הכלים והם מתגמרים מאליהם כל השבת ואפי' מוגמר מונח בכלי דאין אדם מצווה על שביתת כלים ולתת שעורים בגיגית לשרותן וטוענין בקורות בית הבד והגת מבעוד יום על זיתים וענבים והשמן והיין היוצא מהן מותר [וע"ל סי' ש"כ סעיף ב'] וכן בוסר ומלילות שריסקן מבע"י מותרים המשקים היוצאים מהם ומותר לתת חטים לתוך רחיים של מים סמוך לחשיכ': הגה ולא חיישי' להשמעת קול שיאמרו רחיים של פלוני טוחנות בשבת ויש אוסרים ברחיים ובכל מקום שיש לחוש להשמעת קול (טור ותוס' והרא"ש פ"ג דשבת וסמ"ג וסה"ת והגהות מיי' פ"ז ותשובת מהרי"ו סימן ק"ל ואגור) והכי נהוג לכתחלה מיהו במקום פסידא יש להקל כמו שנתבאר לעיל ס"ס רמ"ד. ומותר להעמיד כלי משקולת שקורין זייגר מע"ש אע"פ שמשמיע קול להודיע השעות בשבת כי הכל יודעים שדרכן להעמידו מאתמול (טור אגור) ועיין לקמן סי' של"ח:

It is permitted to start an action on Friday near darkness even though the work cannot be completed on Friday and can only be finished on Shabbat. It is permitted to soak/ dissolve a ink or dye in water if it dissolves during Shabbat. It is permitted to put bundles of flax in the oven in order that they be whitened. It is permitted to put wool inside a large pot that is not on the fire, and it is covered with mud. But if the pot is on the fire it is forbidden, lest one stirs the coals. And even if it is not on the fire but it isn’t covered in mud, it is forbidden, lest he stir it with his hand. The one who stirs the pot even if it is not on the fire is liable because of cooking. It is permitted to spread out traps for animals, birds, and fish even though they will be trapped on Shabbat. It is permitted to sell to non-Jews and load it for him close to dark as long as he leaves the door of his house while it is still day. Rema: And there are those that permit it when the non-Jew leaves on Shabbat if the non-Jew designates a place on the next day in the house of a Jew. And there are those who are strict in this matter (Mordechai). See below Siman 325. It is permitted to open water to the garden and the water will continue and flow all of Shabbat. It is permitted to put קילור, thick collyrium (salve) on the eye even though it is forbidden to put it on on Shabbat. It is permitted to perfume one’s clothes when the process of perfuming is continued all of Shabbat, even if the perfume is placed in a vessel, since one is not commanded to rest his vessels. It is permitted to put barley in a tub to soak, and to load the beams of the olive press or wine press while it is still day upon the olives or the grapes, and the oil or wine that comes from them is permitted [And see Siman 320 Seif 2]. Similarly, if unripe grapes or ears are mashed while it is still day, it is permitted to drink that which comes forth from it. It is permitted to put wheat in a water mill near dark. Rema: And we do not worry to the sound of the voices of those who say 'the mill of this person is grinding on Shabbat'. There are those who forbid regarding mills and in any place that there is a worry about listening to the sound (Tur; Tosefos; Rosh; Sma"g; Hagahos Maimoni; Teshuvos Mahari"v; Agur) and this is our custom initially. However in a place of loss there are those who are lenient as as explained above at the end of Siman 244. One may place a keli of a weight called זייגר from Erev Shabbat even though he hears a voice announcing the hours of Shabbat, because everyone knows that it is their way to place it there from yesterday (Tur Agur) and see below Seif 338

Source 6 · Acharonim
Verified

Shulchan Arukh HaRav, Orach Chayim 252

שולחן ערוך הרב, אורח חיים רנ״ב

Shulchan Arukh HaRav, Orach Chayim 252

One may begin a labor on the afternoon of Erev Shabbat close to nightfall even if it cannot be completed by day and finishes on its own during Shabbat—such as soaking dye and spices in water, or placing scorched cloth under garments on coals near nightfall so they continue to be treated throughout all of Shabbat—because a person is not required to stop his vessels from performing work on Shabbat of their own accord, even when the vessel itself is doing the work, such as setting traps for animals and birds before day ends and their being caught on Shabbat.

מֻתָּר לְהַתְחִיל בִּמְלָאכָה בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְגָמְרָהּ מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם, וְהִיא נִגְמֶרֶת מֵאֵלֶיהָ בְּשַׁבָּת, כְּגוֹן לִשְׁרוֹת דְּיוֹ וְסַמְמָנִים בַּמַּיִם. וְכֵן לִתֵּן מֻגְמָר תַּחַת הַבְּגָדִים עַל גַּבֵּי גֶחָלִים סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה, וְהֵם מִתְגַּמְּרִים וְהוֹלְכִים כָּל הַשַּׁבָּת כֻּלָּהּ, אֲפִלּוּ אִם הַמֻּגְמָר וְהַגֶּחָלִים מֻנָּחִים בִּכְלִי, שֶׁאַף שֶׁהַמְּלָאכָה נַעֲשֵׂית בְּשַׁבָּת בִּכְלִי שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל — אֵין בְּכָךְ כְּלוּם, שֶׁאֵין אָדָם מְצֻוֶּה עַל שְׁבִיתַת כֵּלָיו שֶׁלֹּא תֵעָשֶׂה בָּהֶן מְלָאכָה בְּשַׁבָּת מֵאֵלֶיהָ אֲפִלּוּ אִם הוּא בְּעִנְיָן שֶׁהַכְּלִי בְּעַצְמוֹ הוּא הָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכָה בְּשַׁבָּת מֵאֵלָיו, כְּגוֹן לִפְרוֹס מְצוּדוֹת חַיָּה וְעוֹפוֹת וְדָגִים מִבְּעוֹד יוֹם וְהֵם נִצּוֹדִים בְּשַׁבָּת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַמְּצוּדָה הִיא הָעוֹשָׂה מַעֲשֵׂה הַצֵּידָה בְּשַׁבָּת, שֶׁהַפַּח נִקְשָׁר וְתוֹפֵס הָעוֹף, וְכֵן הַיָּקוּשׁ שֶׁפּוֹשְׁטִים לְחַיּוֹת לְלָכְדָן בְּרַגְלֵיהֶן כְּשֶׁהֵם נוֹגְעִים בּוֹ

Source 7 · Acharonim
Verified

Mishnah Berurah 252

משנה ברורה רנ״ב — ד"ה (א) לשרות דיו וכו' - ובשבת

Mishnah Berurah 252:1

Clarifies the laws of work begun before Shabbat and discusses concerns such as mar'it ayin and the appearance of performing weekday labor on Shabbat. These considerations are part of the analysis of timer-operated appliances.

(א) לשרות דיו וכו' - ובשבת אסור משום מגבל שמערב הדיו והמים יחד וי"א דאסור משום צובע אפ"ה כיון שמתחיל בזמן המותר בע"ש וממילא נגמר הפעולה בשבת שרי וכן בכל הני דקחשיב יש בהן איסור דאורייתא כשעושה אותם בשבת אפ"ה כיון שמתחיל בע"ש שרי:

Source 8 · Acharonim
External

Igros Moshe OC 2:494

אגרות משה, או"ח ב׳:תצ״ד

Igros Moshe OC 2:494

Igros Moshe OC 2:494 — page scan on HebrewBooks
Page 1

Igros Moshe is not freely available in text. This PDF surfaced in our research. Please use the feedback buttons below to help us improve.

Source 9 · Modern
External

Iggerot Moshe, Orach Chayim 4:60

אגרות משה, או"ח ד׳:ס׳

Iggerot Moshe, Orach Chayim 4:60

Rav Moshe Feinstein prohibits using a pre-set timer to perform creative labors like cooking on Shabbat, reasoning that permitting this would lead to severe desecration of Shabbat since people could operate entire factories and perform all manner of work automatically.

הנה לענ"ד פשוט שאסור להתיר זה דהרי ע"י מורה שעות כזה יכולים לעשות כל המלאכות בשבת ובכל בתי החרושת (פעקטעריס) ואין לך זלזול גדול לשבת מזה

On this pageRav Moshe Feinstein rules that it is strictly forbidden to use a timer (time switch) set before Shabbat to perform creative labors, such as cooking, on Shabbat. He argues that permitting this would lead to a severe desecration of Shabbat, as people would run entire factories and perform all manner of work automatically.

Iggerot Moshe, Orach Chayim 4:60 — page scan on HebrewBooks
Page 94

Igros Moshe is not freely available in text. This PDF surfaced in our research. Please use the feedback buttons below to help us improve.

Source 10 · Modern
External

האם מותר להפעיל ״מדיח בלים״ ע״י שעון שבת שיפעל בשעה מסוימת, ובמשך השבת לשים בו את הכלים?

מעין אומר בשם הרב עובדיה יוסף, ח״ב פ״א סי׳ צ״א

Maayan Omer 2:1:91

The author rules one should not activate a dishwasher on Shabbat using a Shabbat timer set to run at a particular time, even if dishes are placed into it during Shabbat itself.

שאלה: האם מותר להפעיל "מדיח כלים" ע"י שעון שבת שיפעל בשעה מסוימת, ובמשך השבת לשים בו את הכלים? תשובה: לא יעשה. והוסיף אח"כ מה יקרה אם יחכה עד מוצאי שבת.

On this pageThe author rules that one should not set a dishwasher to run on Shabbat using a Shabbat timer, even if the dishes are loaded during Shabbat. He maintains this restriction even for the two days of Rosh Hashanah, though he notes that another rabbi permitted it in cases of great need.

Maayan Omer 2:1:91 — page scan on HebrewBooks
Page 89

Ma'ayan Omer carries the oral rulings of Rav Ovadia Yosef, recorded in his name by R. Yehuda Naki. Ma'ayan Omer is not freely available in text. This PDF surfaced in our research. Please use the feedback buttons below to help us improve.

Source 11 · Modern
External

להפעיל מדיח כלים ע״י שעון שבת

מעין אומר בשם הרב עובדיה יוסף, ח״ב פ״א סי׳ פ׳

Maayan Omer 2:1:80

The author permits setting a Shabbat timer before Shabbat to activate a dishwasher during Shabbat and placing dirty dishes in it throughout Shabbat when needed for Shabbat, though he does not recommend this practice.

שאלה: האם מותר מערב שבת לכוון "שעון שבת" שיפעיל את מדיח כלים ביום השבת, ובמשך יום השבת ישים בו את הכלים הטעונים שטיפה וזה לצורך יום השבת ? תשובה: לא כדאי לעשות כן, אך אין הדבר אסור.

On this pageThe author addresses whether one may set a Shabbat timer before Shabbat to run a dishwasher on Shabbat and place dirty dishes inside it during Shabbat. He rules that while doing so is not recommended, it is halachically permissible, and one can rely on lenient authorities, particularly when the dishes are needed on Shabbat.

Maayan Omer 2:1:80 — page scan on HebrewBooks
Page 79

Ma'ayan Omer carries the oral rulings of Rav Ovadia Yosef, recorded in his name by R. Yehuda Naki. Ma'ayan Omer is not freely available in text. This PDF surfaced in our research. Please use the feedback buttons below to help us improve.

Source 12 · Modern
Verified

Peninei Halakhah, Shabbat 17:26

Peninei Halakhah, Shabbat 17:26

Rav Melamed's contemporary summary of using timers (sha'on Shabbat) for appliances, distinguishing lights and heating from noisy household machines like washing machines and dishwashers.

חשמל ומכשיריו / שעון שבת והרחקת זמן פעולתו איסורי השבת חלים מעת כניסת השבת, אבל לפני כניסת השבת מותר לבצע פעולות שהשפעתן תימשך ביום השבת. אחת הדוגמאות הבולטות לכך היא הפעלת שעון-שבת שמחובר לזרם החשמל, שבכוחו לנתק את הזרם ולחברו כפי שיכוונו אותו, וכך ניתן כיום לגרום לנורות החשמל להידלק ולכבות במשך השבת.

Source 13 · Modern
External

Minchas Yitzchak 3:60

מנחת יצחק, ח״ג סי׳ ס׳

Minchas Yitzchak 3:60

Addresses contemporary electrical and appliance-related Shabbat questions and the halakhic implications of operating devices through preset arrangements. Its application depends on the appliance's internal switches, indicators, and water-heating cycle.

Minchas Yitzchak 3:60 — page scan on HebrewBooks
Page 104

Minchas Yitzchak is not freely available in text. This PDF surfaced in our research. Please use the feedback buttons below to help us improve.

Related sources· 23 found, not yet verifiedSign in to verify