The anchor text of the parsha itself is Eliezer's search for Rivka, and his criterion is not beauty or lineage alone but a tested capacity for chesed: he frames his entire test around a woman who will offer water to him and to his camels unasked (Bereishit 24:34), and Rashi (Bereishit 24:14) explains that Eliezer sought one fit to be a doer of kindness, worthy of entering Avraham's house, while the Ramban (Bereishit 24:14) adds that he also looked for good sense and refined character alongside family and physical fitness.
The Or HaChaim and the Haamek Davar sharpen this: Or HaChaim (Bereishit 24:17-18) notes that Eliezer actually asked for less than he had stipulated once he saw Rivka's extraordinary responsiveness, fearing he might lose the opportunity by over-specifying his conditions, and Haamek Davar (Bereishit 24:14) reads his words as a request not only for the right woman but for the ease and readiness with which the chesed would be given. The Alshekh locates the real test in whether she would volunteer kindness beyond what was asked, mirroring the trait Yitzchak himself was known to add to any command given him (Alshekh on Torah, Bereishit 24:8).
The surrounding narrative supplies further considerations: the Kli Yakar reads Avraham's language as stressing that Eliezer himself was not ruled by his money, a quality that let him judge the match without ulterior motive (Kli Yakar on Bereishit 24:2), while the Sforno explains that Avraham's urgency and oath to his servant were driven by fear that an unworthy suitor might bribe his way to Avraham's wealth rather than true fitness being sought for his son (Sforno on Bereishit 24:1).
Chazal generalize the lesson of the parsha into broader criteria for choosing a wife. The Gemara in Yevamot 63a:3-4 teaches that a wife can be an "eizer" or its opposite depending on the merit of the match, and in Sotah 17a:15-16 that a marriage built in sanctity brings the Divine Presence to rest between husband and wife, while one built on licentiousness invites destruction. Kiddushin 70a:7-8 warns that one who marries a woman unsuited to him by lineage is as though he plowed the world with salt, and Pesachim 49b:2 directs a person to seek the daughter of a Torah scholar or, failing that, a family of good character, precisely because the household's spiritual caliber shapes the children.
Practical caution before marrying is also mandated: Kiddushin 41a:5 forbids betrothing a woman before seeing her, lest one discover something unappealing afterward and come to hate her, transgressing the obligation to love one's fellow, and Ketubot 17a:1-2 discusses how one praises a bride once committed, teaching that peace and sensitivity, not harsh honesty, govern how matches are spoken of.
Several sources turn to character and inner devotion as the decisive measure. Rut 3:11 praises Rut as a "woman of valor" known throughout the town for her fine qualities, and Mishlei's description of the eishet chayil highlights her industriousness and initiative in providing for her household (Mishlei 31:13-14). The Vilna Gaon reads "finding a wife" in Mishlei as referring to good character traits, the mitzvot, and service of Hashem, with "finding good" referring to Torah itself (Beur HaGra on Mishlei 18), and the Shem MiShmuel likewise discusses Sarah's completeness of character as bound up with the deeper pairing of soul and body in the Avraham-Sarah union (Shem MiShmuel, Chayei Sara 2).
The Rambam frames marriage itself as a relationship of mutual honor once established: a man must honor his wife more than himself and speak to her gently and without anger (Mishneh Torah, Marriage 15:19), while the wife for her part is to conduct her affairs according to her husband's wishes, a mutuality the Rambam describes as the way of the holy and pure of Israel (Mishneh Torah, Marriage 15:20); Bava Metzia 59a:11 adds that blessing in a household comes specifically through the wife, so that honoring her is the very source of household prosperity.
Practical guidance on vetting a prospective spouse appears in Peninei Halakhah, Family 3:5, which draws on the Shulchan Arukh's concern about families known for quarrelsomeness or lacking the national traits of compassion, modesty, and kindness, cautioning against marrying into such households even while noting that later authorities qualified how absolutely such signs can be relied upon. Sefer Chasidim likewise counsels praying for a good wife, while cautioning a God-fearing man not to take his wife's counsel in matters of mitzvah since her perspective there may be narrow, reserving her counsel for ordinary matters. Sefer Chasidim 305 adds that before all else a man needs a God-fearing teacher and friend to keep him from excess and from desecrating Shabbat, and that upon marrying he must be careful regarding the laws of nidda and teach his household to avoid theft and all monetary prohibitions, remaining fixed in Torah together with his descendants.
Other sources address the proper conduct of looking at a prospective bride and of married life generally: Rashi (on a verse concerning gazing at an unmarried woman) explains that piety lay in not even looking at a single woman lest one come to be drawn after her improperly, and Darchei Tahara 26:14 permits and even encourages a man to look at a woman he intends to marry to see if she is to his liking, so long as it is not done in a lustful manner. Darchei Tahara 20:3 discusses the modesty and conduct expected of a wife toward her husband, and Pele Yoetz 4 teaches that the essential love in marriage is a love of soul, that the wife should encourage her husband in the service of Hashem and speak to him sweetly, conducting herself according to his nature so the match rises in love and harmony.
Ralbag notes that a wife "from Hashem" is not simply a matter of choice but requires Divine assistance in the pairing, and Rav Samson Raphael Hirsch observes that though the Torah models betrothal on an acquisition, the wife nonetheless remains honored as the most precious possession a man has on earth, unlike the marriage practices of other nations. The Chassidic letters of the Rebbe advise that the decisive measure in evaluating a match is commitment to Torah and mitzvot, counseling prayer for a worthy pairing and establishing fixed Torah study as the practical path toward it (Igros Kodesh letter 5946, Igros Kodesh letter 825).
Among the practical responsa, Teshuvos V'hanhagos (5:264) rules that outward markers such as age or style of dress are not what should determine a life partner, and that Torah greatness, fear of Heaven, and good character traits, together with siyata diShmaya, are what should guide the choice in building a proper Jewish home. Mishneh Halachos (6:236) teaches that since one's deeds follow the purity of one's thoughts, a man should seek a wife whose thoughts are devoted to holiness, so that the children she bears will themselves be pure. Divrei Yatziv (YD 55) cites Chazal's description of the praiseworthy wife as one who fulfills her husband's will, does not impose harsh vows or prohibitions upon the household, follows the ways of her own parents, and heeds parental guidance.