Yamim Tovimימים טובים

The Seudas Havraah on Tisha B'Av

Sources address the laws of mourning and eating when a funeral occurs on Tisha B'Av, examining how the obligations of an avel (mourner) interact with the restrictions and practices of the fast day itself.

אַתֶּם אַל תְּעַרְבְּבוּ שִׂמְחָתוֹ שֶׁל מָקוֹם

21 sources · all verified

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What the sources say

The question of whether an avel receives a seudas havraah when burial takes place on Tisha B'Av touches several distinct halachic issues that must be worked through in sequence.

Seudas havraah

The Gemara in Moed Katan 27b establishes that on the first day of mourning an avel is forbidden to eat his own bread, deriving this from Yechezkel 24:17, and the Rambam (Mishneh Torah, Mourning 4:1–9) codifies this rule, specifying that only on the first day is the mourner prohibited from eating his own food and obligated to eat from others.

The Shulchan Arukh (Yoreh De'ah 378:5) addresses cases where the first day of mourning is displaced — such as burial on Erev Shabbat or when shiva begins after a festival — and records a machlokes whether the mourner must still receive the first havraah meal once the days of mourning commence, with the Mordechai's view requiring it and others holding that once the first day is deferred the havraah obligation lapses entirely, and the Beit Yosef (Yoreh De'ah 378) records the same dispute in the name of the Mordechai.

The Arukh HaShulchan (Yoreh De'ah 378:1–4) further notes that while an avel may choose to fast rather than eat the havraah, the Or Zarua rules that he may not do so unless it is a public fast day, indicating that a communal fast can itself be grounds to defer or displace the havraah obligation.

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Tisha b'av restrictions

The Gemara in Taanit 30a teaches in a baraita that all mourning practices observed by an avel are likewise practiced on Tisha B'Av, including the prohibition against eating and drinking, anointing, wearing shoes, and conjugal relations.

Taanit 30b records that Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel compares one who eats and drinks on Tisha B'Av to one who eats and drinks on Yom Kippur, underscoring the severity of the eating prohibition on this day.

The Gemara in Taanit 26b establishes restrictions beginning already from the eve of Tisha B'Av, prohibiting meat and wine at the final pre-fast meal, and Taanit 30a distinguishes between a meal eaten specifically because of the Tisha B'Av fast — where meat and wine are forbidden — and a meal eaten merely to avoid hunger on the fast day, where they are permitted.

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Aveilus on tisha b'av

The Rambam (Mishneh Torah, Mourning 1:1) rules that Torah-level mourning applies only on the first day, which is the day of death and burial, making the overlap between that first day and Tisha B'Av the crux of the tension.

Taanit 30a explicitly equates the practices of an avel with those observed on Tisha B'Av, suggesting that on Tisha B'Av the community already observes aveilus-like prohibitions, which raises the question of whether the avel's distinct obligations add anything or are subsumed.

The Gemara (Eruvin 46a) records Shmuel's rule that the halakha follows the lenient opinion in matters of mourning, a principle that may be relevant when determining how competing stringencies — the fast's eating prohibition and the havraah obligation — interact on this day.

The Arukh HaShulchan (Yoreh De'ah 378:1–4) explicitly states that the Or Zarua permits an avel to forgo the havraah and fast only when it is a public fast day, implying that Tisha B'Av as a communal fast is precisely the scenario where the havraah meal may be set aside.

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Source 1 · Chazal
Verified

recovered from “Talmud Moed Katan 27b

Moed Katan

מועד קטן כ״ז ב — ד"ה אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב

Moed Katan 27b:11

The passage discusses various customs and laws regarding mourning practices, funeral arrangements, and the conduct of mourners, including exemptions from certain obligations.

אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: אָבֵל, יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן אָסוּר לֶאֱכוֹל לֶחֶם מִשֶּׁלּוֹ, מִדַּאֲמַר לֵיהּ רַחֲמָנָא לִיחֶזְקֵאל: ״וְלֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים לֹא תֹאכֵל״. רַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף מְחַלְּפִי סְעוֹדָתַיְיהוּ לַהֲדָדֵי.

Rav Yehuda said in the name of Rav: A mourner on the first day of his mourning is prohibited from eating of his own bread. From where is this derived? From what the Merciful One says to Ezekiel when the latter is in mourning: “Nor eat the bread of men” (Ezekiel 24:17), which indicates that other mourners must eat bread made by others. It was related that when Rabba and Rav Yosef were in mourning they would exchange their meals with each other.

Source 2 · Chazal
Verified

Eruvin 46a

עירובין מ״ו א — ד"ה וְסָבַר לַהּ כִּשְׁמוּאֵל

Eruvin 46a:19

Rabbi Yoḥanan adopts Shmuel's position that the halakha in mourning disputes follows the lenient opinion.

וְסָבַר לַהּ כִּשְׁמוּאֵל, דְּאָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: הֲלָכָה כְּדִבְרֵי הַמֵּיקֵל בְּאֵבֶל.

And Rabbi Yoḥanan holds like Shmuel, as Shmuel said: The halakha is in accordance with the lenient opinion with regard to mourning practices, i.e., wherever there is a dispute with regard to mourning customs, the halakha is in accordance with the lenient opinion.

Source 3 · Chazal
Verified

Taanit 30a

תענית ל׳ א — ד"ה תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן

Taanit 30a:10

The Sages taught that all mitzvot observed by a mourner apply equally on Tisha B'Av, including prohibitions on eating, drinking, anointing the body, wearing shoes, and conjugal relations, as well as prohibitions on reading from Torah, Prophets, Writings, Mishna, Gemara, midrash, halakhot, and aggadot.

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: כׇּל מִצְוֹת הַנּוֹהֲגוֹת בְּאָבֵל — נוֹהֲגוֹת בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב; אָסוּר בַּאֲכִילָה וּבִשְׁתִיָּה, וּבְסִיכָה, וּבִנְעִילַת הַסַּנְדָּל, וּבְתַשְׁמִישׁ הַמִּטָּה. וְאָסוּר לִקְרוֹת בַּתּוֹרָה בַּנְּבִיאִים וּבַכְּתוּבִים, וְלִשְׁנוֹת בַּמִּשְׁנָה בַּתַּלְמוּד וּבַמִּדְרָשׁ וּבָהֲלָכוֹת וּבָאַגָּדוֹת.

The Sages taught: All mitzvot practiced by a mourner are likewise practiced on the Ninth of Av: It is prohibited to engage in eating, and in drinking, and in smearing oil on one’s body, and in wearing shoes, and in conjugal relations. It is prohibited to read from the Torah, from the Prophets, and from the Writings, or to study from the Mishna, from the Gemara, and from midrash, and from collections of halakhot, and from collections of aggadot.

Source 4 · Chazal
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Taanit 26b

תענית כ״ו ב — ד"ה מִשֶּׁנִּכְנָס אָב מְמַעֲטִין בְּשִׂמְחָה

Taanit 26b:3

The passage describes restrictions on eating and rejoicing during Av and particularly on the eve of Tisha B'Av—including prohibitions against eating two cooked dishes, meat, or wine—and records a dispute over whether one must overturn the bed and sleep on the floor as in mourning.

מִשֶּׁנִּכְנָס אָב מְמַעֲטִין בְּשִׂמְחָה. שַׁבָּת שֶׁחָל תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב לִהְיוֹת בְּתוֹכָהּ אָסוּר מִלְּסַפֵּר וּמִלְּכַבֵּס, וּבַחֲמִישִׁי מוּתָּרִין מִפְּנֵי כְּבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת. עֶרֶב תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב לֹא יֹאכַל אָדָם שְׁנֵי תַבְשִׁילִין, לֹא יֹאכַל בָּשָׂר וְלֹא יִשְׁתֶּה יַיִן. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: יְשַׁנֶּה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְחַיֵּיב בִּכְפִיַּית הַמִּטָּה, וְלֹא הוֹדוּ לוֹ חֲכָמִים.

Not only does one fast on the Ninth of Av, but from when the month of Av begins, one decreases acts of rejoicing. During the week in which the Ninth of Av occurs, it is prohibited to cut one’s hair and to launder clothes, but if the Ninth of Av occurs on a Friday, on Thursday these actions are permitted in deference to Shabbat. On the eve of the Ninth of Av a person may not eat two cooked dishes in one meal. Furthermore, one may neither eat meat nor drink wine. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: One must adjust and decrease the amount he eats. Rabbi Yehuda obligates one to overturn the bed and sleep on the floor like one in a state of mourning, but the Rabbis did not agree with him.

Source 5 · Chazal
Verified

Taanit 30b

תענית ל׳ ב — ד"ה תַּנְיָא אִידַּךְ

Taanit 30b:3

Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says that eating and drinking on Tisha B'Av is as severe as doing so on Yom Kippur, and Rabbi Akiva says that one who performs labor on Tisha B'Av never sees a sign of blessing from that work.

תַּנְיָא אִידַּךְ, רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר: כׇּל הָאוֹכֵל וְשׁוֹתֶה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב — כְּאִילּוּ אוֹכֵל וְשׁוֹתֶה בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר: כׇּל הָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכָה בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב — אֵינוֹ רוֹאֶה סִימַן בְּרָכָה לְעוֹלָם.

It is taught in another baraita that Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Whoever eats and drinks on the Ninth of Av, although the prohibition was instituted by the Prophets, it is as though he eats and drinks on Yom Kippur. Rabbi Akiva says: Whoever performs labor on the Ninth of Av never sees a sign of a blessing from that work.

Source 6 · Chazal
Verified

recovered from “Talmud Ta'anit 30a

Taanit

תענית ל׳ א — ד"ה תַּנְיָא אִידַּךְ

Taanit 30a:9

The passage discusses restrictions on eating meat and drinking wine on the eve of Tisha B'Av, with various opinions about whether these restrictions apply to certain meals and from what time of day they take effect.

תַּנְיָא אִידַּךְ: כֹּל שֶׁהוּא מִשּׁוּם תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב — אָסוּר לֶאֱכוֹל בָּשָׂר וְאָסוּר לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן וְאָסוּר לִרְחוֹץ. כׇּל שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִשּׁוּם תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב — מוּתָּר לֶאֱכוֹל בָּשָׂר וְלִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן וְאָסוּר לִרְחוֹץ. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם אָבִיו: כׇּל שָׁעָה שֶׁמּוּתָּר לֶאֱכוֹל בָּשָׂר — מוּתָּר לִרְחוֹץ. תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: כׇּל מִצְוֹת הַנּוֹהֲגוֹת בְּאָבֵל — נוֹהֲגוֹת בְּתִשְׁעָה בְּאָב; אָסוּר בַּאֲכִילָה וּבִשְׁתִיָּה, וּבְסִיכָה, וּבִנְעִילַת הַסַּנְדָּל, וּבְתַשְׁמִישׁ הַמִּטָּה. וְאָסוּר לִקְרוֹת בַּתּוֹרָה בַּנְּבִיאִים וּבַכְּתוּבִים, וְלִשְׁנוֹת בַּמִּשְׁנָה בַּתַּלְמוּד וּבַמִּדְרָשׁ וּבָהֲלָכוֹת וּבָאַגָּדוֹת.

It is taught in another baraita: In any meal that is eaten due to the fast of the Ninth of Av, it is prohibited to eat meat; and it is prohibited to drink wine; and it is likewise prohibited to bathe in anticipation of the fast. However, in any meal that is not due to the Ninth of Av, i.e., one is eating the meal in order that he shouldn’t be hungry on the Ninth of Av, it is permitted to eat meat and to drink wine, but it is nevertheless prohibited to bathe at that time. Rabbi Yishmael, son of Rabbi Yosei, said in the name of his father: For the entire time that one is permitted to eat meat, he is likewise permitted to bathe. The Sages taught: All mitzvot practiced by a mourner are likewise practiced on the Ninth of Av: It is prohibited to engage in eating, and in drinking, and in smearing oil on one’s body, and in wearing shoes, and in conjugal relations. It is prohibited to read from the Torah, from the Prophets, and from the Writings, or to study from the Mishna, from the Gemara, and from midrash, and from collections of halakhot, and from collections of aggadot.

Source 7 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Fasts 5:8-10

משנה תורה, הלכות תעניות ה׳:ח׳-י׳

Mishneh Torah, Fasts 5:8-10

The passage discusses the laws of eating on the day before Tisha B'Av, distinguishing between the general practice (eating normally before noon, or with restrictions after noon) and the stricter practice of the early pious, who would eat only bread dipped in water while sitting alone and mourning as though their dead lay before them, with scholars instructed to follow this or a similar manner; it makes no reference to a seudas havraah or to cases where a funeral occurs on Tisha B'Av itself.

בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים שֶׁאָכַל עֶרֶב תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב אַחַר חֲצוֹת. אֲבָל אִם סָעַד קֹדֶם חֲצוֹת אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהוּא מַפְסִיק בָּהּ אוֹכֵל כָּל מַה שֶּׁיִּרְצֶה. וְעֶרֶב תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת אוֹכֵל וְשׁוֹתֶה כָּל צָרְכּוֹ וּמַעֲלֶה עַל שֻׁלְחָנוֹ אֲפִלּוּ כִּסְעֻדַּת שְׁלֹמֹה. וְכֵן תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב עַצְמוֹ שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת אֵינוֹ מְחַסֵּר כְּלוּם: זוֹ הִיא מִדַּת כָּל הָעָם שֶׁאֵינָן יְכוֹלִין לִסְבּל יֶתֶר מִדַּאי. אֲבָל חֲסִידִים הָרִאשׁוֹנִים כָּךְ הָיְתָה מִדָּתָן. עֶרֶב תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב הָיוּ מְבִיאִין לוֹ לָאָדָם לְבַדּוֹ פַּת חֲרֵבָה בְּמֶלַח וְשׁוֹרֶה בְּמַיִם וְיוֹשֵׁב בֵּין תַּנּוּר וְכִירַיִם וְאוֹכְלָהּ וְשׁוֹתֶה עָלֶיהָ קִיתוֹן שֶׁל מַיִם בִּדְאָגָה וּבְשִׁמָּמוֹן וּבְכִיָּה כְּמִי שֶׁמֵּתוֹ מֻטָּל לְפָנָיו. כָּזֶה רָאוּי לַחֲכָמִים לַעֲשׂוֹת אוֹ קָרוֹב מִזֶּה. וּמִיָּמֵינוּ לֹא אָכַלְנוּ עֶרֶב תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב תַּבְשִׁיל אֲפִלּוּ שֶׁל עֲדָשִׁים אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן הָיָה בְּשַׁבָּת:

When does the above apply? When one ate [this meal] in the afternoon on the day preceding Tish'ah B'Av. If, however, one eats a meal before noon, although this is the last meal one eats before the fast, one may eat all that one desires. When the day before Tish'ah B'Av falls on the Sabbath, one may eat and drink to the full extent of one's needs, and one may serve even a meal resembling Solomon's feasts at one's table. Similarly, when Tish'ah B'Av falls on the Sabbath, one need not withhold anything at all. This is the rite observed by the people as a whole who cannot endure more. In contrast, the rite observed by the pious of the earlier generations was as follows: A person would sit alone between the oven and the cooking range. Others would bring him dried bread and salt. He would dip it in water and drink a pitcher of water while worried, forlorn, and in tears, as one whose dead was lying before him. The scholars should act in this or a similar manner. We never ate cooked food, even lentils, on the day before Tish'ah B'Av, except on the Sabbath.

Source 8 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Mourning 11:3

משנה תורה, הלכות אבל י״א:ג׳

Mishneh Torah, Mourning 11:3

The moed is forbidden for hesped and fasting.

שֶׁהַמּוֹעֵד אָסוּר בְּהֶסְפֵּד וּבְתַעֲנִית.

Source 9 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Mourning 1:1

Mishneh Torah, Mourning 1:1

Mourning status according to Torah law applies only on the first day—the day of death and the day of burial.

וְאֵין אֲבֵלוּת מִן הַתּוֹרָה אֶלָּא בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן בִּלְבַד שֶׁהוּא יוֹם הַמִּיתָה וְיוֹם הַקְּבוּרָה.

Source 10 · Rishonim
Verified

Ramban on Leviticus 10:6

רמב"ן על ויקרא י׳:ו׳

Ramban on Leviticus 10:6

An avel is forbidden to cut hair, derived from the prohibition "do not make yourselves bald," but one should not mix mourning practices with the joy of the Holy One.

אַל תִּפְרָעוּ - אַל תְּגַדְּלוּ שֵׂעָר. מִכָּאן שֶׁאָבֵל אָסוּר בְּתִסְפֹּרֶת. אֲבָל אַתֶּם אַל תְּעַרְבְּבוּ שִׂמְחָתוֹ שֶׁל מָקוֹם.

Source 11 · Rishonim
Verified

Mishneh Torah, Mourning

משנה תורה, הלכות אבל — ד"ה מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה לְהִתְאַבֵּל עַל הַקְּרוֹבִים

Mishneh Torah, Mourning:1

Mourning for close relatives is a positive commandment; by Torah law the obligation applies only on the day of death and burial, though Moses ordained seven days of mourning for the Jewish people; a person becomes bound by mourning prohibitions only after the grave is covered, not before burial.

מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה לְהִתְאַבֵּל עַל הַקְּרוֹבִים. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא י יט) "וְאָכַלְתִּי חַטָּאת הַיּוֹם הַיִּיטַב בְּעֵינֵי ה'". וְאֵין אֲבֵלוּת מִן הַתּוֹרָה אֶלָּא בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן בִּלְבַד שֶׁהוּא יוֹם הַמִּיתָה וְיוֹם הַקְּבוּרָה. אֲבָל שְׁאָר הַשִּׁבְעָה יָמִים אֵינוֹ דִּין תּוֹרָה. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בַּתּוֹרָה (בראשית נ י) "וַיַּעַשׂ לְאָבִיו אֵבֶל שִׁבְעַת יָמִים" נִתְּנָה תּוֹרָה וְנִתְחַדְּשָׁה הֲלָכָה. וּמשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ תִּקֵּן לָהֶם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל שִׁבְעַת יְמֵי אֲבֵלוּת וְשִׁבְעַת יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה: מֵאֵימָתַי יִתְחַיֵּב אָדָם בָּאֵבֶל. מִשֶּׁיִּסָּתֵם הַגּוֹלֵל. אֲבָל כָּל זְמַן שֶׁלֹּא נִקְבַּר הַמֵּת אֵינוֹ אָסוּר בְּדָבָר מִן הַדְּבָרִים שֶׁהָאָבֵל אָסוּר בָּהֶן. וּמִפְּנֵי טַעַם זֶה רָחַץ דָּוִד וְסָךְ כְּשֶׁמֵּת הַיֶּלֶד טֶרֶם שֶׁיִּקָּבֵר:

It is a positive commandment to mourn for one's close relatives,1 as implied by Leviticus 10:19: "Were I to partake of a sin offering today, would it find favor in God's eyes?" According to Scriptural Law, the obligation to mourn is only on the first day which is the day of the person's death and burial. The remainder of the seven days of mourning are not required by Scriptural Law. Although the Torah states Genesis 50:10: "And he instituted mourning for his father for seven days," when the Torah was given, the laws were renewed. Moses our teacher ordained for the Jewish people the seven days of mourning and the seven days of wedding celebrations. From when is a person obligated to mourn? When the grave is covered. But until the corpse has been buried, a mourner is not bound by any of the prohibitions incumbent on a mourner. For this reason, King David washed and anointed himself when his son died, before he was buried.

Source 12 · Rishonim
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Mishneh Torah, Mourning 4:1-9

משנה תורה, הלכות אבל ד׳:א׳-ט׳

Mishneh Torah, Mourning 4:1-9

Rambam codifies the laws of mourning and the first meal after burial, including the core parameters of the meal that later halakhic authorities build on.

הָאָבֵל בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן בִּלְבַד אָסוּר לְהָנִיחַ תְּפִלִּין וּלֶאֱכל מִשֶּׁלּוֹ. וְחַיָּב לֵישֵׁב עַל מִטָּה כְּפוּיָה. וּבִשְׁאָר יְמֵי הָאֵבֶל מֻתָּר לוֹ לֶאֱכל מִשֶּׁלּוֹ וְלֵישֵׁב עַל גַּבֵּי מַפַּץ אוֹ קַרְקַע. וּמֵנִיחַ תְּפִלִּין. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁהוּא אָסוּר בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן לְהָנִיחַ תְּפִלִּין. שֶׁהֲרֵי נֶאֱמַר לִיחֶזְקֵאל (יחזקאל כד יז) "פְּאֵרְךָ חֲבוֹשׁ עָלֶיךָ" מִכְלַל שֶׁכָּל הָעָם אֲסוּרִין. וְנֶאֱמַר לוֹ (יחזקאל כד יז) "וְלֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים לֹא תֹאכֵל" מִכְלַל שֶׁכָּל הָעָם אוֹכְלִין מִשֶּׁל אֲחֵרִים בְּיוֹם רִאשׁוֹן וַאֲסוּרִין לֶאֱכל מִשֶּׁל עַצְמָן:

On the first day alone, it is forbidden for a mourner to put on tefillin or to eat food of his own. He must sit on a overturned bed. During the remainder of the days of mourning, he may eat his own food, sit on a mat or on the ground, and put on tefillin. What is the source which teaches that a mourner may not put on tefillin on the first day? Instructions were given Ezekiel (Ezekiel 24:17 : "Your glory should be bound upon you." Implied is other people are forbidden. He was instructed: "Do not eat the bread of men." Implied is that other people should eat from others on the first day and are forbidden to eat their own food.

Source 13 · Acharonim
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Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 549-559

שולחן ערוך, אורח חיים תקמ״ט-תקנ״ט

Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 549-559

One who is burdened with mourning for both a deceased and Shabbat may lighten his hair with a razor but not scissors, and may wash his garments in water but not with natron, on a weekday.

מי שתכפוהו אבילות של מת ושל שבת זו והכביד שערו מיקל בתער אבל לא במספרים ומכבס כסותו במים אבל לא בנתר ובחול:

Source 14 · Acharonim
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Mishnah Berurah 552-559

משנה ברורה תקנ״ב-תקנ״ט

Mishnah Berurah 552-559

The Mechaber holds that an avel whose fasting period was interrupted (e.g., by illness) may complete that fast on another day, though some later authorities dispute this ruling; regarding the meal that breaks the fast, an avel may not eat two full meals due to the nature of a vow, and therefore must treat this meal according to all the rules of a seudas havraah mentioned above.

(כה) ואירע עט"ב וכו' - וקשה עליו לישב בתענית שני ימים ולילה אחת: (כו) ילוה תעניתו - כתב המ"א ואע"ג דבסימן תקס"ח ס"ב כתב דאסור ללות בכה"ג הכא דא"א בענין אחר שרי ומהאי טעמא כתבו הגאונים דא"צ להשלים אף דבעלמא קי"ל דכל תענית שלא שקעה עליו חמה לאו שמיה תענית אבל הרב ט"ז בסימן תקס"ח ס"ב דחה לדברי המחבר בזה מהלכה וכן כמה אחרונים לא העתיקו את דברי המחבר בזה להלכה: (כז) ואוכל סעודה המפסקת - ואסור לסעוד שני פעמים משום נדרו וא"כ צריך לנהוג בה כל דין סעודה המפסקת האמור למעלה:

Source 15 · Acharonim
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Avnei Nezer, Orach Chaim 427

אבני נזר, Orach Chaim תכ״ז — ד"ה סימן תכז

Avnei Nezer, Orach Chaim 427

On Tisha B'Av itself, one may be lenient for those who have a positive role in a joyful mitzva (such as a father, mohel, or sandak) in not completing the mourning meal.

לפי זה יש להקל גם בתשעה באב עצמו ביום טוב שלנו כגון לאבי הבן ומוהל וסנדק שלא להשלים:

Source 16 · Acharonim
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Arukh HaShulchan, Orach Chaim 551:27

ערוך השולחן, אורח חיים תקנ״א:כ״ז

Arukh HaShulchan, Orach Chaim 551:27

Even in the week containing Tisha B'Av, if the funeral was on Tisha B'Av itself, meat and wine may be eaten only by a limited number of people, and this is permitted even on the eve of Tisha B'Av, provided that the meal is not a formal seudas havraah.

ובשבוע שחל תשעה באב בתוכה – אין לאכול בשר ולשתות יין רק מניין מצומצם, וזה אפילו בערב תשעה באב – שרי, ובלבד שלא יהיה בסעודה המפסיק בה.

Source 17 · Acharonim
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Biur Halakha 559:9

ביאור הלכה תקנ״ט:ט׳

Biur Halakha 559:9

When a wedding-related festival occurs, the four fast days that would ordinarily be observed are postponed; the seven days of feasting following the wedding are not considered a festival in this regard, so even if one of the four fasts falls during those seven days, one must fast—though some authorities hold that if the Ninth of Av specifically falls during those seven days one is exempt from fasting, and there are differing opinions on whether a rabbinic dispensation is needed.

ונדחה וכו' - עיין במ"ב במש"כ לענין חתן ביום חופתו ועיין במגן אברהם דבשאר שבעת ימי המשתה שלו אין נחשבין כרגל לענין זה ולפ"ז אפילו אם חל אחד מד' תעניתים שנדחה בימי המשתה שלו חייב להתענות וכן כתב בח"ש ועיין בעט"ז שכתב דאם חל יא"צ בשבעת ימי המשתה א"צ להתענות ועיין בח"ש דהסכים לזה לדינא ומ"מ מסיק דצריך בזה התרה ע"ש: ואינו משלים תעניתו - וכן בחולי קצת ומעוברת שיש מיחוש קצת מותרים לאכול [חידושי רע"א בשם תשובת שבו"י]:

Source 18 · Acharonim
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Kaf HaChayim on Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 558:7

כף החיים על שולחן ערוך אורח חיים תקנ״ח:ז׳

Kaf HaChayim on Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 558:7

On Tisha B'Av, one should abstain from meat and from marital relations unless it is the night of immersion or one is departing on a journey, and one who guards his soul distances himself from these matters.

ז) שם. שלא לאכול בשר וכו' ובתשמיש המטה אם אינו ליל טבילה או בא ויוצא לדרך שומר נפשו ירחק ממנו. כנה"ג שם.

Source 19 · Acharonim
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Beit Yosef, Yoreh De'ah 378

בית יוסף, יורה דעה שע״ח

Beit Yosef, Yoreh De'ah 378

The Beit Yosef collects the earlier sources and legal reasoning for se'udat havra'ah, providing the background for the Tur and Shulchan Arukh's ruling on when the meal is eaten.

כתב המרדכי במ"ק י"א דהיכא דצריך למנות ז' אחר הרגל נ"ל דצריך לעשות הבראה כדאמרי' אכילה ראשונה אינו אוכל משלו והרי הוא מתחיל עכשיו וכן הדין אם שמע שמועה בשבת ויש חולקין כיון דנדחה יום ראשון אין מברין עד כאן לשונו:

Source 20 · Acharonim
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Arukh HaShulchan, Yoreh De'ah 378:1-4

ערוך השולחן, יורה דעה שע״ח:א׳-ד׳

Arukh HaShulchan, Yoreh De'ah 378:1-4

Explains the practical law of se'udat havra'ah, including the custom and timing of the meal, and is useful for the real-world application when a burial happens on Tisha B'Av.

אם רצה האבל שלא לאכול כלל עד הלילה או עד מחר – מותר לאכול בלילה משלו, והרשות בידו לעשות כן. והרי בירושלמי נמצא שהיו רגילין להתענות ביום מיתת החכמים, ומסתמא גם קרוביו התענו ולא חשו לסעודת הבראה. וכן פסקו הטור והשולחן ערוך סעיף ג (שולחן ערוך יורה דעה שעח, ג). אבל האור זרוע פסק שלא יניחו את האבל להתענות אלא אם כן הוא תענית ציבור. אבל בימים של עשרת ימי תשובה, אף שהיה דרכו להתענות – לא יתענה אז, שמצוה לאכול סעודת הבראה, עיין שם.

Source 21 · Acharonim
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Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah 378

שולחן ערוך, יורה דעה שע״ח — ד"ה מי שנקבר בערב שבת סמוך לחשכה

Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah 378:5

Rules the laws of se'udat havra'ah for an avel, including that the meal is provided by neighbors and the basic parameters of when and how it is eaten. This is the governing halakhic locus for the question of whether the meal is eaten when the funeral occurs on Tisha B'Av.

מי שנקבר בערב שבת סמוך לחשכה קודם ביה"ש יש מי שאומר שמברין אותו אז ולי נראה דכיון שאינו חובה טוב שלא להברותו אז מפני כבוד השבת וכן נוהגין: היכא שצריך למנות שבעה אחר הרגל וכן אם שמע שמועה בשבת צריך להברותו הבראה ראשונה שבימי אבלות (וי"א שכיון שנדחה יום ראשון אין מברין אותו וכן נוהגים (במרדכי במ"ק בשם י"א ונ"י) ואפילו היכא דעולה לו למנין ז' כגון במקומות שעושין שני ימים ששני עולה):

[In the case of] one who was buried on the eve of the Sabbath close to nightfall prior to twilight, there is an authority who says that he should be provided then with the mourner's meal. But it seems to me that since this is not obligatory, it is better not to provide him then with the mourner's meal on account of the honour due to the Sabbath. And thus is the accepted custom. Where one is required to count seven [days of mourning] after the Festival, and so too, if one heard [near] tidings on the Sabbath, the first mourner's meal which is partaken of during the days of mourning must be provided [by others]. However, some say that since the first day [of mourning] was postponed, the mourner's meal is not provided [by others]. And thus is the common practice, even where the [first day] enters into the counting of the seven [days of mourning], e.g., in localities where two [Festival] days are observed, [in which case] the second [Festival] day is counted [in the seven days of mourning].