parshaמפרשי הפרשה

רמב"ן — ואת ענבי נזירך לא תבצור

In the shemita verse, 'את ספיח קצירך לא תקצור ואת ענבי נזירך לא תבצור' — what is 'ענבי נזירך'? Rashi: from נזר/הפרש — grapes you separated and kept (didn't make hefker); the prohibition is to harvest them as in regular years instead of from the hefker portion.

והנכון בפירוש הכתוב, ש'ענבי נזירך' כמו 'ספיח קצירך', ו'לא תבצור' כמו 'לא תקצור'... והגפן שלא עבדו ולא חפר ולא זמר אותו יקרא 'נזיר' כי הזירו והפרישו ממנו כאילו אינו שלו, מגזרת 'אשר נזורו מעלי בגלוליהם' - פירשו ממני... ויתכן כי המנהג בישראל שהכרם אשר הוא בתה לא יזמר ולא יעבד ועולה שמיר ושית יקראו לו 'נזיר', כלומר שהוא כרם הנזיר, מפני שהנזיר אסור ביין ובענבים לחים ויבשים ואינו עובד כרמו.

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רמב"ן

רמב"ן על ויקרא כ״ה:ה׳

Ramban on Leviticus 25:5

Behar

Q — In the shemita verse, 'את ספיח קצירך לא תקצור ואת ענבי נזירך לא תבצור' — what is 'ענבי נזירך'? Rashi: from נזר/הפרש — grapes you separated and kept (didn't make hefker); the prohibition is to harvest them as in regular years instead of from the hefker portion.

A — Ramban: 'ענבי נזירך' parallels 'ספיח קצירך' as the same idea in two crops — field and vineyard. 'נזיר' describes the vineyard, not a status the owner imposed on his grapes: an unworked, unpruned vineyard, abandoned by its owner ('הזירו והפרישו ממנו כאילו אינו שלו'), so its grapes grew on their own — exactly as ספיח denotes spontaneous grain growth. Onkelos translates 'שבקך' (he abandoned them), reinforcing this. A wonderful linguistic suggestion: an abandoned vineyard may be called 'נזיר' because a nazir is forbidden grapes and wine and consequently doesn't tend his vineyard. Long hair gets the same etymology: 'גזי נזרך והשליכי.'

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