Jerusalem Talmud Ta'anit 4:6
תלמוד ירושלמי תענית ד׳:ו׳
Jerusalem Talmud Taanit 4:6
This sugya discusses the laws and character of the fasts and the mourning of the destruction, helping establish Tisha B'Av as a day defined by aveilut and affliction. It is relevant background for why the communal reading framework differs from other weekdays.
רִבִּי יִרְמְיָה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חִיָיה בַּר בָּא. בְּדִין הָיָה שֶׁיְּהוּ מִתְעַנִּין בָּעֲשִׂירִי שֶׁבּוֹ נִשְׂרַף בֵּית אֱלֹהֵינוּ. וְלָמָּה בַתְּשִׁיעִי. שֶׁבּוֹ הִתְחִילָה הַפּוּרְעָנוּת. וְתַנֵּי כֵן. בַּשְּׁבִיעִי נִכְנְסוּ לְתוֹכוֹ. בַּשְּׁמִינִי הָיוּ מְקַרְקְרִין בּוֹ. בַּתְּשִׁיעִי הִצִּיתוּ בוֹ אֶת הָאוּר. וּבָעֲשִׂירִי נִשְׂרַף. רִבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי צִיֵים תְּשִׁיעִי וָעֲשִׂירִי. רִבִּי אָבוּן צִיֵים תְּשִׁיעִי וָעֲשִׂירִי. רִבִּי לֵוִי צִיֵים תְּשִׁיעִי וְלֵילֵי עֲשִׂירִי. רִבִּי בָּא בַּר זַבְדָּא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. בִּיקֵּשׁ רִבִּי לַעֲקוֹר תִּשְׁעָה בְאַב וְלֹא הִנִּיחוּ לֹו. אָמַר לוֹ רִבִּי לָעְזָר. עִמָּךְ הָיִיתִי וְלָא אִיתְאֲמָרַת הָכִי. אֶלָּא בִּיקֵּשׁ רִבִּי לַעֲקוֹר תִּשְׁעָה בְאַב שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בַּשַּׁבָּת וְלֹא הִנִּיחוּ לוֹ. אָמַר. הוֹאִיל וְנִדְחֶה יִדָּחֶה. אָמְרוּ [לוֹ]. יִדָּחֶה לְמָחָר. וְגָזִי לֵיהּ הַהִיא דְתַנִּינָן תַּמָּן. רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן בְּרוֹקָה אוֹמֵר. עַל שְׁנֵיהֶן הוּא אוֹמֵר וַיְבָרֶךְ אוֹתָם אֱלֹהִים וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם אֱלֹהִים פְּרוּ וּרְבוּ וגו׳. רִבִּי לָעְזָר בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי חֲנִינָה. הֲלָכָה כְרִבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן בְּרוֹקָה. אָמַר לֵיהּ רִבִּי בָּא בַּר זַבְדָּא. עִמָּךְ הָיִיתִי וְלָא אִתְאֲמָרַת. אֶלָּא אִם הָיְתָה תוֹבַעַת לְהִינָּשֵׂא הַדִּין עִמָּהּ. וְקַרָא עֲלֵיהוֹן. טוֹבִים הַשְּׁנַיִם מִן הָאֶחָד.
Rebbi Jeremiah in the name of Rebbi Ḥiyya, it should have been logical that one should fast on the Tenth, since on it our God’s Temple was burned. Why on the Ninth? Because the calamity started on it. So it was stated, on the Seventh they entered, on the Eighth they were misbehaving in it, on the Ninth they started the fire, and on the Tenth it was burned. Rebbi Joshua ben Levi fasted Ninth and Tenth. Rebbi Abun fasted Ninth and Tenth. Rebbi Levi fasted on the Ninth and the night of the Tenth. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av but they did not let him. Rebbi Eleazar said to him, I was with you but it was not said so, but Rebbi wanted to uproot the Ninth of Av which fell on a Sabbath but they did not let him. He said, because it was pushed aside, let it be pushed aside. They said to him, let it be pushed to the next day. In a similar case, that which we stated there: “Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa said, for both of them it says, God blessed them and God said to them, be fruitful and multiply, etc.” Rebbi Eleazar in the Name of Rebbi Ḥanina: Practice follows Rebbi Joḥanan ben Beroqa. Rebbi Abba bar Zavda said to him, I was with you and it was only said, if she asks to be married the law is on her side. He said about them, two are better than one.
