Mishneh Torah, Gifts to the Poor 10:7 establishes that among the eight levels of tzedakah, the highest level with nothing above it is one who strengthens a poor Jew's hand by giving him a gift, a loan, a partnership, or by finding him work, so that he will not need to ask others for support, deriving this from the pasuk's command to "strengthen" the stranger and resident before he falls. Rav Eliezer Melamed (Peninei Halakhah, The Nation and the Land 8:2) and Rav Eliezer Melamed (Peninei Halakhah, Kashrut 6:2) likewise identify providing a permanent source of livelihood, i.e. employment, as the greatest form of tzedakah, explaining that it allows the poor person to stand on his own feet rather than remain dependent.
Ahavat Chesed, Part II 21:2-3 extends this principle explicitly to one who provides a poor person with work or hires him for some service so he can earn his own living, stating this falls within the same mitzvah that the Rambam (Mattenot Aniyim 10:7) describes, and generalizing the rule as an obligation to do whatever is in one's power to keep a fellow from collapsing financially, each according to his own capacity.
Shabbat 63a ranks forms of assistance to the needy, teaching that one who lends money is greater than one who gives charity outright, and one who enters a partnership with the needy person is greatest of all, because the recipient is not embarrassed; Sefer Chasidim 1029 similarly praises lending money for profit-sharing to a worthy poor person over simply giving from the principal, and Mishlei 19:17 is brought as the underlying pasuk that one who is gracious to the poor is considered to be lending to Hashem.
Sefer HaYirah:266 instructs one who wishes to hire workers to seek out poor people, treat them with honor rather than degrade them, and pay their wages in full and promptly, framing the employment of the poor itself as bound up with numerous prohibitions if mishandled, which supports treating such employment as a tzedakah-level act.
Menorat HaMaor draws a terminological distinction between tzedakah, which is giving money one is obligated to give to a poor person in need, and chesed, which includes giving beyond what is required or assisting even one who is not poor, a distinction relevant to classifying where providing employment or forgoing wages falls.
Avnei Yashfeh 3:89 addresses helping a poor person by finding or providing him work so he can support himself without relying on others, invoking the same pasuk of "ve'hechezakta bo" cited by the Rambam, and further states that since a loan is itself considered tzedakah, such assistance may likewise be given from maaser kesafim.