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Early Lighting of Shabbat Candles
This topic examines the halakhic parameters for lighting Shabbat candles, including how early one may light before Shabbat begins and the relationship between early lighting and the acceptance of Shabbat. Sources range from Talmudic discussions through medieval and modern codes, addressing the balance between lighting sufficiently early for practical purposes and avoiding lighting so early that the candles burn down before nightfall.
לא יקדים למהר להדליקו בעוד היום גדול
Shabbat Candle Lighting: Sources and Customs
These sources trace the origin and development of the Shabbat candle-lighting practice from biblical foundations through rabbinic enactment and later codification. They explain the underlying reasons—peace in the home, Shabbat honor, and Shabbat pleasure—and discuss the custom of lighting two candles in correspondence with the two modes of remembering and observing Shabbat.
זָכוֹר וְשָׁמוֹר בְּדִבּוּר אֶחָד
Extinguishing Lights on Shabbat for Sleep
These sources discuss whether one may turn off a light on Shabbat to enable sleep, examining the prohibition against extinguishing fire and the circumstances under which a non-Jew may perform the act or bodily need may permit leniency.
אַדַּעְתָּא דְנַפְשֵׁיהּ הוּ
The Obligation and Significance of Shabbat Candle Lighting
These sources address the halachic requirements for lighting Shabbat candles before sunset, clarifying who bears primary obligation in the household and the spiritual dimensions of the practice. Both men and women are obligated, though women are particularly charged with the responsibility due to their presence in the home, and the candles serve as a means of sanctifying Shabbat while representing the divine light revealed on this holy day.
וְאֶחָד אֲנָשִׁים וְאֶחָד נָשִׁים חַיָּבִין לִהְיוֹת בְּבָתֵּיהֶן נֵר דָּלוּק בְּשַׁבָּת
Halachic Aspects of Shabbat Candle Lighting
These sources explore the halakhic requirements, timing, blessings, and underlying purposes of lighting Shabbat candles. They range from foundational Talmudic discussions of obligation and intent to detailed medieval and early modern codifications of practice and custom.
הַדְלָקַת נֵר בְּשַׁבָּת אֵינָהּ רְשׁוּת