This chapter discusses Ishmael’s circumcision and Abraham’s household, presenting Ishmael within the formative family history of the covenantal generation.
הַנִּסָּיוֹן הַתְּשִׁיעִי, נוֹלַד יִשְׁמָעֵאל בַּקֶּשֶׁת וְנִתְרַבָּה בַּקֶּשֶׁת שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַיְהִי אֱלֹהִים אֶת הַנַּעַר וַיִּגְדָּל״ וְנָטַל קֶשֶׁת וְחִצִּים וְהָיָה יוֹרֶה אַחַר הַפִּנּוֹת וְרָאָה אֶת יִצְחָק יוֹשֵׁב לְבַדּוֹ וְיָרָה חֵץ לְהָרְגוֹ. וְרָאֲתָה זֶה הַדָּבָר שָׂרָה וְהִגִּידָה לְאַבְרָהָם וְאָמְרָה לוֹ: ״כָּזֶה וְכָזֶה עָשָׂה יִשְׁמָעֵאל לְיִצְחָק, אֶלָּא עֲמֹד וּכְתֹב לְיִצְחָק כָּל מַה שֶּׁנִּשְׁבַּע הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְךָ וּלְזַרְעֲךָ, שֶׁאֵין בֶּן הָאָמָה יוֹרֵשׁ עִם בְּנִי עִם יִצְחָק״, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר ״וַתֹּאמֶר לְאַבְרָהָם גָּרֵשׁ אֶת הָאָמָה הַזֹּאת וְאֶת בְּנָהּ כִּי לֹא יִירַשׁ בֶּן הָאָמָה הַזֹּאת עִם בְּנִי עִם יִצְחָק״. הִשְׁכִּים אַבְרָהָם וְכָתַב גֵּט גֵּרוּשִׁין וְנָתַן לְהָגָר, וְשִׁלַּח אוֹתָהּ וְאֶת בְּנָהּ מֵעָלָיו וּמֵעַל יִצְחָק בְּנוֹ מֵהָעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וּמֵהָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר וַיִּקַּח״ וְכוּ'. וַיְשַׁלְּחֶהָ בְּגֵט גֵּרוּשִׁין, וְלָקַח בֶּגֶד אֶחָד וְקָשַׁר בְּמָתְנֶיהָ כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא שׂוֹחֵף אַחֲרֶיהָ לֵידַע שֶׁהִיא שִׁפְחָה. וְלֹא עוֹד, אֶלָּא שֶׁעָמַד אַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ לִרְאוֹת אֶת יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנוֹ וְלִרְאוֹת אֶת הַדֶּרֶךְ שֶׁהָלְכוּ בָהּ. וּבִזְכוּת אַבְרָהָם לֹא חָסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִן הַחֵמֶת, וְכֵיוָן שֶׁהִגִּיעַ לְפֶתַח הַמִּדְבָּר הִתְחִילָה תּוֹעָה אַחֲרֵי עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה שֶׁל בֵּית אָבִיהָ וּמִיָּד חָסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִן הַחֵמֶת. לְפִיכָךְ ״וַתַּשְׁלֵךְ אֶת הַיֶּלֶד״. וּבֶן כ״ז (יש גורסים: כ״ד) שָׁנָה הָיָה יִשְׁמָעֵאל כְּשֶׁיָּצָא מִבֵּית אָבִיו וְיִצְחָק בֶּן עֶשֶׂר שָׁנִים הָיָה.
THE TRIALS OF ABRAHAM (continued) THE ninth trial (was as follows): Ishmael was born with (the prophecy of the) bow, and he grew up with the bow, as it is said, "And God was with the lad, and he grew … and he became an archer" (Gen. 21:20). He took bow and arrows and began to shoot at the birds. He saw Isaac sitting by himself, and he shot an arrow at him to slay him. Sarah saw (this), and told Abraham. She said to him: Thus and thus has Ishmael done to Isaac, but (now) arise and write (a will in favour) of Isaac, (giving him) all that the Holy One has sworn to give || to thee and to thy seed. The son of this handmaid shall not inherit with my son, with Isaac, as it is said, "And she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son" (Gen. 21:10). Abraham rose up early, and wrote a bill of divorce, and gave it to Hagar, and he sent her and her son away from himself, and from Isaac his son, from this world and from the world to come, as it is said, "And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread and a bottle of water" (Gen. 21:14). He sent her away || with a bill of divorcement, and he took the veil, and he bound it around her waist, so that it should drag behind her to disclose (the fact) that she was a bondwoman. Not only this, but also because Abraham desired to see Ishmael, his son, and to see the way whereon they went. By the merit of our father Abraham the water did not fail in the bottle, but when she reached the entrance to the wilderness, she began to go astray after the idolatry of her father's house; and forthwith the water in the bottle was spent, as it is said, "And she departed and wandered" (ibid.), Ishmael was seventeen years old (when) he went forth from the house of Abraham, and Isaac was forty years old. By the merit of our father Abraham the water did not fail in the bottle, but when she reached the entrance to the wilderness, she began to go astray after the idolatry of her father's house; the water in the bottle was spent, and the soul of Ishmael was faint with thirst.