Gittin 6a
גיטין ו׳ א — ד"ה אִיתְּמַר
Gittin 6a:6
The Bavli records a disagreement involving the Babylonian and Eretz Yisrael traditions and illustrates the authority and transmission dynamics between the two scholarly centers.
אִיתְּמַר: בָּבֶל; רַב אָמַר: כְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְגִיטִּין, וּשְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר: כְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ. לֵימָא בְּהָא קָא מִיפַּלְגִי: דְּמָר סָבַר לְפִי שֶׁאֵין בְּקִיאִין לִשְׁמָהּ, וְהָנֵי גְּמִירִי; וּמָר סָבַר לְפִי שֶׁאֵין עֵדִים מְצוּיִין לְקַיְּימוֹ, וְהָנֵי נָמֵי לָא שְׁכִיחִי. אֶלָּא, דְּכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא בָּעֵינַן לְקַיְּימוֹ; רַב סָבַר: כֵּיוָן דְּאִיכָּא מְתִיבָתָא, מִישְׁכָּח שְׁכִיחִי; וּשְׁמוּאֵל סָבַר: מְתִיבָתָא בְּגִירְסַיְיהוּ טְרִידִי.
§ It was stated that the amora’im disagreed concerning the status of Babylonia with regard to the halakhot of bills of divorce: Rav says that Babylonia is considered to be like Eretz Yisrael with regard to bills of divorce, and Shmuel says that it is considered like outside of Eretz Yisrael. The Gemara suggests: Shall we say that Rav and Shmuel disagree with regard to this, that one Sage, Rav, holds that the reason an agent is required to say: It was written in my presence and it was signed in my presence, is because they are not experts in writing a bill of divorce for her sake, and these Babylonians are learned. And one Sage, Shmuel, holds that the reason is because there are no witnesses available to ratify it, and these Babylonians are also not frequently available. Rather, everyone agrees that we require witnesses to ratify it, and they disagree with regard to this: Rav holds that since there are central academies where people study, witnesses are frequently available to ratify bills of divorce. And Shmuel holds that those studying in the academies are preoccupied by their studies; therefore, they cannot be used as witnesses to confirm a bill of divorce, as they will not recognize peoples’ signatures.