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Curated Torah sources across every topic, from classical texts to contemporary responsa.
Why Two Days of Yom Tov Persist
Sources examine the historical and halakhic reasons for observing two days of festivals in the diaspora, even after the Jewish calendar became fixed by calculation rather than lunar testimony. The rabbinic enactment originated from practical uncertainty about holiday dates in distant communities and remains in effect as a perpetual safeguard and custom.
אע"ג דעכשיו בקיאין אנו בקביעות החודש מ"מ חששו חכמים שמא ישתכח החשבון
When the Chazan Begins Chazarat Hashatz
The sources address the halakhic requirements for when the cantor may begin the repetition of the Amidah, focusing on how many congregants must complete their silent prayer and the status of the quorum needed for this communal recitation.
רֹב הָעֲשָׂרָה שֶׁלֹּא הִתְפַּלְּלוּ
Purim Drinking: Obligation and Halakhic Limits
Sources discuss the obligation to drink wine on Purim, its scriptural and Talmudic basis, and the practical parameters defining permissible intoxication. These texts balance the religious imperative for joy and celebration against concerns for proper conduct and other observances.
חייב אינש לבסומי בפוריא עד דלא ידע בין ארור המן לברוך מרדכי
Acquisition by Sight Versus Possession
The sources explore the Talmudic principle that merely seeing a found object does not effect legal acquisition; actual acquisition requires physical possession or entry into one's domain. The Gemara on Bava Metzia analyzes the Mishnah's cases to distinguish between visual perception and valid kinyan.
אֵינוֹ זוֹכֶה בָּהּ עַד שֶׁתַּגִּיעַ לְיָדוֹ אוֹ לִרְשׁוּתוֹ
Sight Alone Does Not Acquire Property
Sources explore the principle that merely seeing an object does not establish legal acquisition, and examine how the Mishnah's opening case in Bava Metzia demonstrates this distinction through the scenario of two people claiming a found item. The Gemara and medieval commentaries analyze whether the Mishnah presents one case or two, and what this teaches about the requirements for kinyan (acquisition).
בִּרְאִיָּה בְעָלְמָא קָנָה
The Principle of Not Passing Over Mitzvot
Sources explore the halakhic principle that mitzvot should not be bypassed or delayed when they present themselves, discussing its applications in Temple service, holiday observances, and daily religious practice. The sources also examine how transgressions affect the protective merit of mitzvot and the spiritual importance of promptly fulfilling commandments.
אֵין מַעֲבִירִין עַל הַמִּצְוֹת
Acquisition Without Physical Possession
Jewish law establishes that merely seeing or desiring an object does not constitute legal acquisition. The sources discuss the formal mechanisms—such as lifting, pulling, or monetary exchange—required to effect valid acquisition of movable and immovable property.
לֹא קָנָה בִּרְאִיָּה
Mikvah and Ma'ayan: Halakhic Distinctions
Jewish law establishes different requirements and purificatory powers for a mikvah (an immersion pool of gathered water) and a ma'ayan (a natural spring). Sources explore the volume requirements, conditions of validity, and the specific impurities each can address.
מַה בֵּין מַעְיָן לְמִקְוֶה
Rabbi Meir, Bruria, and Their Sons
Multiple talmudic and midrashic sources preserve stories about Rabbi Meir and his wife Bruria, including an account of their two sons' deaths on Shabbat afternoon and Bruria's response, as well as traditions about Bruria's exceptional learning and wisdom.
מעשה היה ברבי מאיר, שהיה יושב ודורש בבית המדרש בשבת במנחה, ומתו שני בניו
Custom and Common Usage in Halakhic Interpretation
These sources explore two related but distinct principles in Jewish law: following established communal custom (הולכין אחר מנהג העולם) and interpreting legal language according to ordinary, everyday speech (דורשין לשון הדיוט). Together they show how practical norms and popular usage shape the application of halakhah in contracts, tenancy, and commerce.
הַכֹּל כְּמִנְהַג הַמְּדִינָה
Tefillin Placement and the Non-Dominant Arm
Sources establish that arm-tefillin must be placed on the non-dominant hand, derived from Biblical language and interpreted by Talmudic and later authorities. The sources discuss the principle and its application to individuals with different dominant hands.
יָדְךָ – זוֹ שְׂמֹאל
Lizards in Jewish Law and Purity
These sources examine the halakhic classification of lizards and related crawling creatures (sheratzim) within Jewish law, including their status regarding ritual impurity, permitted uses of their hides, and their enumeration in the Torah's list of forbidden animals.
וְהָאֲנָקָה וְהַכֹּחַ וְהַלְּטָאָה