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The Ashkenazi Custom of Avoiding Kitniyos
Sources discuss the Ashkenazi minhag (custom) to refrain from eating legumes and legume-derived products during Passover, examining the halakhic basis for this stringency and the practical concerns about potential mixture with chametz grains that motivated the custom.
והמנהג באשכנז להחמיר
The Status of Corn on Passover
Sources examine whether corn is permitted or prohibited on Pesach for Ashkenazim. The discussions trace from the biblical five grains through rabbinic enactments about legumes (kitniyot), addressing whether corn—a grain unknown when the kitniyot decree was established—falls under the prohibition.
אֵין אָסוּר מִשּׁוּם חָמֵץ בְּפֶסַח אֶלָּא חֲמֵשֶׁת מִינֵי דָּגָן בִּלְבַד
Corn and Kitniyot on Pesach
Sources discuss whether corn is permitted on Pesach, examining the Ashkenazi custom prohibiting kitniyot (legumes and similar species) and whether corn falls under this restriction. The sources present the legal status of kitniyot, the origins and scope of the custom, and differing perspectives among Jewish communities.
ודע דאף דמדינא מותר לאכול אורז וכל מיני קטניות בפסח
The Four Sons: Tailored Teaching at the Seder
These sources establish the biblical and rabbinic foundations for the Four Sons passage in the Passover Haggadah, showing how each son's question—from wise to wicked to simple to one who cannot ask—corresponds to different levels of understanding and engagement. Together they illustrate the principle of chinuch (Jewish education) adapted to each child's capacity.
כְּנֶגֶד אַרְבָּעָה בָנִים דִּבְּרָה תוֹרָה
Counting the Omer as Spiritual Preparation
These sources explore the theological meaning of Sefirat HaOmer as a bridge between Pesach and Shavuot, understanding the 49-day count as both a structural link between festivals and a period of inner spiritual refinement and yearning for the giving of Torah. Rabbinic, Hasidic, and medieval sources collectively present the count as an expression of Israel's anticipation and purification.
וספרתם לכם ממחרת השבת
Remembering the Exodus Daily
These sources establish the biblical and rabbinic obligation to recall the Exodus from Egypt as a daily religious practice, both by day and by night. The sources ground this remembrance in Torah verses, explain its centrality to Passover observance, and emphasize the personal identification each Jew should maintain with the redemption from Egypt.
בְּכָל דּוֹר וָדוֹר חַיָּב אָדָם לִרְאוֹת אֶת עַצְמוֹ כְאִלּוּ הוּא יָצָא מִמִּצְרַיִם
The Spiritual Work of Pesach Sheini
Pesach Sheini is observed on the 14th of Iyar by those who were ritually impure or distant during Pesach Rishon. Sources explore both its halachic obligations—bringing the korban Pesach without the stringencies of the first festival—and its deeper spiritual meaning: a second opportunity for redemption that embodies the principle that no Jew is ever beyond return to God.
כי יש לפעמים צדיק נופל ממדריגתו
Psalm 67 and the Omer Journey
Psalm 67, which opens with the priestly blessing, holds special significance during the counting of the Omer. Its 49 words correspond to the 49 days between Passover and Shavuot, and Jewish tradition recognizes it as a powerful spiritual tool for elevating holiness and preparing for the revelation of Torah.
אֱֽלֹהִ֗ים יְחׇנֵּ֥נוּ וִיבָרְכֵ֑נוּ יָ֤אֵֽר־פָּנָ֖יו אִתָּ֣נוּ סֶֽלָה׃
The Significance of Lag BaOmer
Lag BaOmer marks the cessation of a plague that killed 24,000 students of Rabbi Akiva during the Omer period, as recorded in the Talmud. The day is observed by suspending mourning customs and permitting celebrations and grooming practices that are otherwise forbidden between Pesach and Shavuot.
אז פסקו מלמות
Music and Rejoicing During Sefirat HaOmer
These sources explore the mourning customs observed during the omer period between Pesach and Shavuot, tracing the prohibition on music and joyful celebrations from Talmudic sources through later halachic codifications. The restrictions derive both from the historical tragedy of Rabbi Akiva's students and broader laws of semi-mourning applied by analogy.
בַּשִּׁיר לֹא יִשְׁתּוּ יָיִן