The Alter Rebbe develops love of God through contemplating divine compassion and the Exodus. The chapter shows how historical redemption becomes an inward spiritual experience that motivates Torah and mitzvot.
וְכוּלָּם שׁוֹאֲלִים: ״אַיֵּה מְקוֹם כְּבוֹדוֹ״, וְעוֹנִים: ״מְלֹא כָל הָאָרֶץ כְּבוֹדוֹ״ – הֵם יִשְׂרָאֵל עַמּוֹ, כִּי הִנִּיחַ הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא אֶת הָעֶלְיוֹנִים וְאֶת הַתַּחְתּוֹנִים, וְלֹא בָחַר בְּכוּלָּם כִּי אִם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל עַמּוֹ, וְהוֹצִיאָם מִמִּצְרַיִם, עֶרְוַת הָאָרֶץ, מְקוֹם הַזּוּהֲמָא וְהַטּוּמְאָה, לֹא עַל יְדֵי מַלְאָךְ וְלֹא עַל יְדֵי כוּ׳, אֶלָּא הַקָּדוֹשׁ־בָּרוּךְ־הוּא בִּכְבוֹדוֹ וּבְעַצְמוֹ יָרַד לְשָׁם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״וָאֵרֵד לְהַצִּילוֹ וְגוֹ׳״, כְּדֵי לְקָרְבָם אֵלָיו בְּקֵירוּב וְיִחוּד אֲמִיתִּי, בְּהִתְקַשְּׁרוּת הַנֶּפֶשׁ מַמָּשׁ בִּבְחִינַת נְשִׁיקִין פֶּה לַפֶה – לְדַבֵּר דְבַר ה׳ זוֹ הֲלָכָה, וְאִתְדַּבְּקוּת רוּחָא בְּרוּחָא – הִיא הַשָּׂגַת הַתּוֹרָה וִידִיעַת רְצוֹנוֹ וְחָכְמָתוֹ, דְּכוּלָּא חַד מַמָּשׁ, וְגַם בִּבְחִינַת חִיבּוּק – הוּא קִיּוּם הַמִּצְוֹת מַעֲשִׂיּוֹת בְּרַמַ״ח אֵבָרִים, דְּרַמַ״ח פִּיקּוּדִין הֵן רַמַ״ח אֵבָרִין דְּמַלְכָּא כַּנִּזְכָּר לְעֵיל, וְדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל, נֶחְלָקִין לְשָׁלֹשׁ בְּחִינוֹת: יָמִין וּשְׂמֹאל וְאֶמְצַע, שֶׁהֵן: חֶסֶד דִּין רַחֲמִים – תְּרֵין דְּרוֹעִין וְגוּפָא וְכוּ׳. וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאוֹמְרִים: ״אֲשֶׁר קִדְּשָׁנוּ בְּמִצְוֹתָיו״, כְּאָדָם הַמְקַדֵּשׁ אִשָּׁה לִהְיוֹת מְיוּחֶדֶת עִמּוֹ בְּיִחוּד גָּמוּר, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״וְדָבַק בְּאִשְׁתּוֹ וְהָיוּ לְבָשָׂר אֶחָד״. – כָּכָה מַמָּשׁ וְיֶתֶר עַל כֵּן לְאֵין קֵץ, הוּא יִחוּד נֶפֶשׁ הָאֱלֹהִית הָעוֹסֶקֶת בַּתּוֹרָה וּמִצְוֹת וְנֶפֶשׁ הַחִיּוּנִית וּלְבוּשֵׁיהֶן – הַנִּזְכָּרִים לְעֵיל – בְּאוֹר־אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא. כִּי עַל יְדֵי יִחוּד הַנֶּפֶשׁ וְהִתְכַּלְלוּתָהּ בְּאוֹר־אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא, הֲרֵי הִיא בְּמַעֲלַת וּמַדְרֵגַת קְדוּשַּׁת אֵין־סוֹף בָּרוּךְ־הוּא מַמָּשׁ, מֵאַחַר שֶׁמִּתְיַיחֶדֶת וּמִתְכַּלֶּלֶת בּוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ, וְהָיוּ לַאֲחָדִים מַמָּשׁ. וְזֶהוּ שֶׁכָּתוּב: ״וִהְיִיתֶם לִי קְדוֹשִׁים כִּי קָדוֹשׁ אֲנִי ה׳, וָאַבְדִּיל אֶתְכֶם מִן הָעַמִּים לִהְיוֹת לִי״, וְאוֹמֵר: ״וַעֲשִׂיתֶם אֶת כָּל מִצְוֹתָי וִהְיִיתֶם קְדוֹשִׁים לֵאלֹהֵיכֶם אֲנִי ה׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם וְגוֹ׳״; פֵּירוּשׁ, כִּי עַל יְדֵי קִיּוּם הַמִּצְוֹת הֲרֵינִי אֱלוֹהַּ שֶׁלָּכֶם, כְּמוֹ ״אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אֱלֹהֵי יִצְחָק וְכוּ׳״, שֶׁנִּקְרָא כֵּן מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָאָבוֹת הָיוּ בְּחִינַת מֶרְכָּבָה לוֹ יִתְבָּרֵךְ וּבְטֵלִים וְנִכְלָלִים בְּאוֹרוֹ.
All these [angels] ask, “Where is the place of His glory?” And they answer, “The whole earth is full of His glory,” that is, His people, Israel. For the Holy One, blessed is He, forsakes the higher and lower creatures, choosing none of them but Israel His people, whom He brought out of Egypt—“the obscenity of the earth,” the place of filth and impurity—“not through the agency of an angel, nor of a saraf…but the Holy One, blessed is He, Himself in His glory” descended there, as is written, “I have come down to deliver them…,” in order to bring them near to Him in true closeness and unity, with a truly soulful attachment on the level of “kisses” of mouth to mouth, by means of uttering the word of G–d, namely, the halachah, and the fusion of spirit to spirit, namely, the comprehension of the Torah and the knowledge of His will and wisdom, all of which is truly one [with G–d]; also with a form of “embrace,” namely, the fulfillment of the positive precepts with the 248 organs, for the 248 ordinances are the 248 “organs” of the King, as has been explained. These, in a general way, are divided into three categories—right, left, and center—namely, chesed (kindness), din (stern justice) and rachamim (mercy)—the two arms and the body, and so forth. This is the meaning of [the text of the benedictions] “Who has sanctified us with His commandments”: like one who betrothes a wife that she may be united with him with a perfect bond, as is written, “And he shall cleave to his wife, and they shall be one flesh.” Exactly so, and even infinitely surpassing, is the union of the divine soul that is occupied in Torah and commandments, and of the vivifying soul, and their garments referred to above, with the light of the En Sof, blessed is He. For through the union of the soul with, and its absorption into, the light of the En Sof, blessed is He, it attains the quality and degree of the actual holiness of the En Sof, blessed is He, since it unites itself with, and is integrated into, Him, blessed be He, and they become One in reality. This is the meaning of the verse, “And you shall be holy to Me, for I the L–rd am holy, and I have separated you from other peoples that you should be Mine,” and “You shall do all My commandments and be holy to your G–d; I am the L–rd your G–d….” The meaning is that through fulfillment of the commandments I become your G–d, [in the same sense] as “the G–d of Abraham,” “the G–d of Isaac,” and so on, called thus because the Patriarchs were a “chariot” for Him, blessed be He, and they were nullified and absorbed into His light.